aliphatic compound

简明释义

脂肪族化合物

英英释义

例句

1.Researchers are exploring the use of aliphatic compounds in creating biodegradable plastics.

研究人员正在探索使用脂肪族化合物来制造可生物降解的塑料。

2.Some aliphatic compounds are used as solvents in industrial applications due to their low toxicity.

一些脂肪族化合物因其低毒性而被用作工业应用中的溶剂。

3.In organic chemistry, the study of aliphatic compounds is crucial for understanding hydrocarbon structures.

在有机化学中，研究脂肪族化合物对于理解烃结构至关重要。

4.The production of biodiesel often involves aliphatic compounds derived from vegetable oils.

生物柴油的生产通常涉及从植物油中提取的脂肪族化合物。

5.Many natural oils contain various types of aliphatic compounds, which contribute to their unique fragrances.

许多天然油中含有各种类型的脂肪族化合物，这些化合物使它们具有独特的香气。

作文

Aliphatic compounds are a class of organic molecules characterized by straight or branched chains of carbon atoms. Unlike aromatic compounds, which contain a ring structure with delocalized electrons, aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) can be saturated or unsaturated. Saturated aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) contain only single bonds between the carbon atoms, while unsaturated ones have one or more double or triple bonds. This distinction is crucial in organic chemistry, as it influences the physical and chemical properties of these compounds.One of the most common examples of aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) is alkanes, which are saturated hydrocarbons. Alkanes have the general formula CnH2n+2, where 'n' represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Methane (CH4) is the simplest alkane, consisting of just one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. As we increase the number of carbon atoms, we get longer-chain alkanes like ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), and butane (C4H10). These compounds are typically found in natural gas and petroleum and are used as fuels and lubricants.On the other hand, unsaturated aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) include alkenes and alkynes. Alkenes contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms, while alkynes feature at least one triple bond. Ethylene (C2H4) is an example of an alkene, widely used in the production of plastics and other synthetic materials. Acetylene (C2H2), an alkyne, is commonly used as a fuel in welding applications due to its high flame temperature.The versatility of aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) makes them essential in various industrial applications. They serve as building blocks for more complex molecules, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymers. Understanding the properties and reactions of aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) is fundamental for chemists and chemical engineers as they design and synthesize new materials.Moreover, aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) play a significant role in biological systems. Fatty acids, which are long-chain carboxylic acids, are classified as aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) and are vital components of lipids in living organisms. These fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated, influencing the fluidity and functionality of cell membranes. The presence of double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids creates kinks in their structure, preventing tight packing and thus maintaining membrane fluidity at physiological temperatures.In conclusion, aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) represent a fundamental category of organic molecules that encompass a wide range of structures and functions. Their significance extends from industrial applications to biological processes, highlighting their importance in both chemistry and life sciences. A thorough understanding of aliphatic compounds (脂肪族化合物) not only enriches our knowledge of organic chemistry but also paves the way for innovations in material science and biochemistry.

脂肪族化合物是一类有机分子，其特征是由直链或支链的碳原子构成。与含有环状结构和离域电子的芳香化合物不同，脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）可以是饱和的或不饱和的。饱和的脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）仅在碳原子之间含有单键，而不饱和的则至少有一个双键或三键。这一区别在有机化学中至关重要，因为它影响这些化合物的物理和化学性质。最常见的脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）之一是烷烃，它们是饱和的烃。烷烃的一般公式为CnH2n+2，其中'n'代表分子中的碳原子数。甲烷（CH4）是最简单的烷烃，仅由一个碳原子与四个氢原子结合而成。随着碳原子数量的增加，我们得到更长链的烷烃，如乙烷（C2H6）、丙烷（C3H8）和丁烷（C4H10）。这些化合物通常存在于天然气和石油中，并用作燃料和润滑剂。另一方面，不饱和的脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）包括烯烃和炔烃。烯烃至少含有一个碳原子之间的双键，而炔烃则至少含有一个三键。乙烯（C2H4）是一个烯烃的例子，广泛用于塑料和其他合成材料的生产。乙炔（C2H2），一种炔烃，由于其高焰温度，通常用于焊接应用。脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）的多功能性使其在各种工业应用中至关重要。它们作为更复杂分子的构建块，包括药物、农用化学品和聚合物。理解脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）的性质和反应对化学家和化学工程师来说是基础，因为他们设计和合成新材料。此外，脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）在生物系统中也发挥着重要作用。脂肪酸是长链羧酸，被归类为脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds），是活生物体中脂质的重要组成部分。这些脂肪酸可以是饱和的或不饱和的，影响细胞膜的流动性和功能。不饱和脂肪酸中的双键的存在在其结构中产生了弯曲，防止紧密堆积，从而在生理温度下维持膜的流动性。总之，脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）代表了一类基本的有机分子，涵盖了广泛的结构和功能。它们的意义从工业应用到生物过程，突显了它们在化学和生命科学中的重要性。透彻理解脂肪族化合物（aliphatic compounds）不仅丰富了我们对有机化学的知识，还为材料科学和生物化学的创新铺平了道路。