ultimate tensile strength

简明释义

极限抗拉应力

英英释义

例句

1.The ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度 of aluminum is lower than that of steel, which is why it is used in applications where weight is a concern.

铝的ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度低于钢，这就是为什么它在重量是一个问题的应用中被使用。

2.Before selecting a steel type for construction, it is crucial to know its ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度 to prevent structural failures.

在选择建筑用钢材之前，了解其ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度至关重要，以防止结构故障。

3.The engineer calculated the ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度 of the material to ensure it could withstand the forces applied during operation.

工程师计算了材料的ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度，以确保它能够承受操作期间施加的力量。

4.Manufacturers often provide the ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度 of their products in specifications to aid engineers in material selection.

制造商通常在规格中提供其产品的ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度，以帮助工程师进行材料选择。

5.Testing the ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度 of polymers helps in determining their suitability for various industrial applications.

测试聚合物的ultimate tensile strength 极限拉伸强度有助于确定它们在各种工业应用中的适用性。

作文

The concept of ultimate tensile strength is fundamental in materials science and engineering. It refers to the maximum amount of tensile stress that a material can withstand before failure occurs. Understanding this property is crucial for engineers and designers when selecting materials for various applications. For instance, in the construction industry, materials such as steel and concrete must possess high ultimate tensile strength to ensure the safety and durability of structures. When a material is subjected to tension, it experiences deformation. Initially, the material will stretch elastically, meaning it will return to its original shape once the load is removed. However, as the load increases, the material enters the plastic deformation stage, where it begins to permanently deform. The ultimate tensile strength is reached at the peak of this stress-strain curve, indicating the point at which the material can no longer withstand additional stress and ultimately fails. Different materials exhibit varying ultimate tensile strength values. For example, metals typically have higher tensile strengths compared to polymers and ceramics. This is due to the atomic structure and bonding characteristics of these materials. Metals have a crystalline structure that allows for slip and dislocation movement, which contributes to their high tensile strength. In contrast, polymers may fail at lower stress levels because their molecular chains can stretch significantly but do not have the same ability to carry loads as metals do. The importance of ultimate tensile strength extends beyond just material selection; it also plays a critical role in quality control and testing. Engineers often conduct tensile tests to determine the ultimate tensile strength of materials. During these tests, a sample is pulled until it breaks, and the stress and strain data are recorded to create a stress-strain curve. This information helps in assessing whether a material meets the required specifications for a particular application. Moreover, understanding the ultimate tensile strength is vital for predicting how materials behave under different loading conditions. For instance, in aerospace engineering, components must endure significant loads while maintaining structural integrity. By knowing the ultimate tensile strength of materials used in aircraft construction, engineers can design safer and more efficient aircraft that can withstand extreme conditions. In conclusion, the ultimate tensile strength is a critical property that influences material selection, design, and testing across various engineering fields. Its significance cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts the performance and safety of structures and components. By mastering the understanding of ultimate tensile strength, engineers can ensure that they choose the right materials for their projects, ultimately leading to innovations and advancements in technology.

“极限抗拉强度”这一概念在材料科学和工程中是基础性的。它指的是材料在发生破坏之前能够承受的最大拉伸应力。理解这一特性对工程师和设计师在选择各种应用材料时至关重要。例如，在建筑行业，钢材和混凝土等材料必须具有高的极限抗拉强度，以确保结构的安全性和耐久性。当材料受到拉伸时，它会经历变形。最初，材料将弹性地伸展，这意味着一旦负载被移除，它将恢复到原始形状。然而，随着负载的增加，材料进入塑性变形阶段，此时它开始永久变形。在应力-应变曲线的峰值处达到极限抗拉强度，表明材料不再能够承受额外的应力并最终失效。不同材料表现出不同的极限抗拉强度值。例如，金属的抗拉强度通常高于聚合物和陶瓷。这是由于这些材料的原子结构和键合特性。金属具有晶体结构，允许滑移和位错运动，从而促进其高抗拉强度。相比之下，聚合物可能在较低的应力水平下失效，因为它们的分子链可以显著伸展，但没有与金属相同的承载能力。极限抗拉强度的重要性不仅仅体现在材料选择上；它在质量控制和测试中也起着关键作用。工程师通常进行拉伸测试以确定材料的极限抗拉强度。在这些测试中，一个样本被拉伸直到断裂，并记录应力和应变数据以创建应力-应变曲线。这些信息有助于评估材料是否满足特定应用的要求。此外，了解极限抗拉强度对于预测材料在不同加载条件下的行为至关重要。例如，在航空航天工程中，组件必须承受显著的负载，同时保持结构完整性。通过了解用于飞机构造的材料的极限抗拉强度，工程师可以设计出更安全、更高效的飞机，以承受极端条件。总之，极限抗拉强度是影响各个工程领域材料选择、设计和测试的关键属性。其重要性不容小觑，因为它直接影响到结构和组件的性能与安全性。通过掌握极限抗拉强度的理解，工程师可以确保为其项目选择合适的材料，最终推动技术的创新与进步。