transverse contraction

简明释义

横向收缩

英英释义

例句

1.The transverse contraction 横向收缩 of the fabric was tested to ensure it would not affect the fit of the clothing.

对面料的横向收缩 transverse contraction 进行了测试，以确保不会影响服装的合身性。

2.The engineer explained that the transverse contraction 横向收缩 of the material would affect the overall strength of the structure.

工程师解释说，材料的横向收缩 transverse contraction 将影响结构的整体强度。

3.The researchers noted that the transverse contraction 横向收缩 of the polymer could lead to unexpected results in their experiments.

研究人员指出，聚合物的横向收缩 transverse contraction 可能会导致实验中出现意外结果。

4.In geological studies, transverse contraction 横向收缩 can indicate tectonic shifts beneath the Earth's surface.

在地质研究中，横向收缩 transverse contraction 可以指示地球表面下的构造变化。

5.During the experiment, we observed significant transverse contraction 横向收缩 in the sample when heated.

在实验过程中，我们观察到样品在加热时出现明显的横向收缩 transverse contraction。

作文

In the field of physics and engineering, understanding the concept of transverse contraction is essential for analyzing the behavior of materials under various stresses. Transverse contraction refers to the reduction in dimensions of a material in the direction perpendicular to the applied load or force. This phenomenon is particularly important when considering how materials respond to tensile or compressive forces. For instance, when a material is stretched, it not only elongates in the direction of the force but also contracts in the transverse direction. This relationship can be described by Poisson's ratio, which quantifies the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.To illustrate this concept, consider a rubber band being stretched. As you pull on the ends, the rubber band becomes longer, yet it also becomes narrower. This observable behavior exemplifies transverse contraction. The degree of contraction depends on the material properties and the amount of stretching applied. Engineers must take these factors into account when designing structures and components to ensure they can withstand operational loads without failing.Moreover, transverse contraction is not limited to elastic materials; it also occurs in plastic and brittle materials, albeit in different manners. In ductile materials, the contraction can be significant and reversible, allowing the material to return to its original shape once the load is removed. In contrast, brittle materials may experience permanent deformation or cracking due to excessive transverse contraction under stress. Understanding these differences is crucial for materials selection and engineering design.In structural engineering, the implications of transverse contraction extend to the performance and stability of beams, columns, and other load-bearing elements. When designing a bridge, for example, engineers must calculate how the materials will behave under various loads, including the effects of temperature changes, which can induce additional stresses leading to transverse contraction. Failure to account for these factors can result in structural weaknesses that compromise safety.Additionally, transverse contraction plays a significant role in geotechnical engineering. Soil and rock materials exhibit contraction when subjected to compressive forces from overlying structures. Understanding how these materials behave under load helps engineers design foundations that can support buildings and other infrastructures without settling or shifting. In conclusion, transverse contraction is a fundamental concept in the study of material science and engineering. It highlights the complex interactions between forces and materials, emphasizing the need for careful analysis and design considerations in various applications. Whether one is working with metals, polymers, or geological materials, recognizing the effects of transverse contraction is vital for ensuring the integrity and durability of structures. As technology advances and new materials are developed, a deeper understanding of transverse contraction will continue to be critical for engineers and scientists alike.

在物理和工程领域，理解横向收缩的概念对于分析材料在各种应力下的行为至关重要。横向收缩是指材料在施加的负载或力的垂直方向上的尺寸减少。这一现象在考虑材料如何响应拉伸或压缩力时尤为重要。例如，当材料被拉伸时，它不仅在力的方向上延长，还在横向方向上收缩。这种关系可以通过泊松比来描述，泊松比量化了横向应变与轴向应变的比率。为了说明这一概念，可以考虑一个被拉伸的橡皮筋。当你拉动两端时，橡皮筋变得更长，但它也变得更窄。这种可观察到的行为就是横向收缩的例子。收缩的程度取决于材料特性和施加的拉伸量。工程师在设计结构和组件时必须考虑这些因素，以确保它们能够承受操作负载而不发生故障。此外，横向收缩并不限于弹性材料；它在塑性材料和脆性材料中也会发生，尽管方式不同。在延展性材料中，收缩可能显著且可逆，使材料在去除负载后能够返回到其原始形状。相反，脆性材料在应力下可能会由于过度的横向收缩而经历永久变形或开裂。理解这些差异对于材料选择和工程设计至关重要。在结构工程中，横向收缩的影响扩展到梁、柱和其他承重构件的性能和稳定性。例如，在设计桥梁时，工程师必须计算材料在各种负载下的表现，包括温度变化带来的额外应力，这可能导致横向收缩。如果未能考虑这些因素，可能会导致结构弱点，从而危及安全。此外，在岩土工程中，横向收缩也发挥着重要作用。土壤和岩石材料在承受来自上部结构的压缩力时会表现出收缩。了解这些材料在负载下的行为有助于工程师设计能够支撑建筑物和其他基础设施的基础，而不会发生沉降或位移。总之，横向收缩是材料科学和工程研究中的一个基本概念。它突显了力与材料之间复杂的相互作用，强调了在各种应用中进行仔细分析和设计考虑的必要性。无论是在处理金属、聚合物还是地质材料，认识到横向收缩的影响对于确保结构的完整性和耐久性至关重要。随着技术的发展和新材料的开发，对横向收缩的更深入理解将继续对工程师和科学家至关重要。