tensile failure

简明释义

拉伸破坏

英英释义

例句

1.The report highlighted several instances of tensile failure in the construction materials used.

报告强调了所用建筑材料中几例拉伸失效。

2.The bridge collapsed due to a tensile failure in the supporting cables.

这座桥因支撑电缆发生拉伸失效而倒塌。

3.Engineers must consider tensile failure when designing materials for high-stress applications.

工程师在为高应力应用设计材料时必须考虑拉伸失效。

4.The tensile failure of the metal rod was evident after the test.

测试后金属棒的拉伸失效显而易见。

5.To prevent tensile failure, we used a stronger alloy for the components.

为了防止拉伸失效，我们对组件使用了更强的合金。

作文

In the field of materials science and engineering, understanding the concept of tensile failure is crucial for designing and utilizing materials effectively. tensile failure refers to the point at which a material fails or breaks under tension, meaning that it cannot withstand the pulling forces applied to it. This phenomenon is particularly important in applications where materials are subjected to stretching or pulling, such as in construction, manufacturing, and aerospace industries.When materials are put under tensile stress, they undergo deformation. Initially, they may stretch and exhibit elastic behavior, where they can return to their original shape once the load is removed. However, as the load increases beyond a certain threshold, the material reaches its yield strength, and permanent deformation begins. If the stress continues to increase, the material will eventually reach its ultimate tensile strength, which is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can withstand before failing.The failure can occur in different ways, depending on the material properties and the conditions under which it is tested. For example, ductile materials, such as certain metals, tend to undergo significant plastic deformation before they ultimately fail. This means that they will stretch and change shape, often forming a neck or localized area of reduced cross-section, before breaking. On the other hand, brittle materials, such as ceramics or glass, may fail suddenly without much prior deformation, leading to catastrophic results.Understanding tensile failure is essential for engineers and designers when selecting materials for specific applications. For instance, in the construction of bridges or buildings, it is vital to choose materials that can withstand the tensile forces they will encounter. Failure to account for tensile failure can lead to structural failures, resulting in accidents, injuries, or even loss of life.Moreover, testing for tensile failure is a standard practice in material testing laboratories. Engineers perform tensile tests to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and ductility of materials. By applying a controlled load to a sample material until it fails, they can gather valuable data that informs material selection and design processes.In conclusion, tensile failure is a fundamental concept in materials science that describes the failure of a material under tensile stress. Recognizing how different materials behave under such conditions allows engineers to make informed decisions about material usage in various applications. Whether designing buildings, bridges, or aircraft, understanding tensile failure is integral to ensuring safety and reliability in engineering practices.

在材料科学和工程领域，理解“tensile failure”的概念对于有效设计和使用材料至关重要。“tensile failure”指的是材料在拉伸下失效或断裂的点，这意味着它无法承受施加于其上的拉力。这种现象在材料受到拉伸或拉动的应用中尤为重要，例如建筑、制造和航空航天工业。当材料受到拉伸应力时，它们会发生变形。最初，它们可能会伸展并表现出弹性行为，即在去除负载后可以恢复到原来的形状。然而，随着负载超过某个阈值，材料达到其屈服强度，开始出现永久变形。如果应力继续增加，材料最终将达到其极限抗拉强度，这是它能够承受的最大抗拉应力，在此之后便会发生断裂。失败可能以不同的方式发生，具体取决于材料特性和测试条件。例如，延展性材料，如某些金属，在最终失效前往往会经历显著的塑性变形。这意味着它们会伸展并改变形状，通常形成颈部或局部截面减小的区域，然后才会断裂。另一方面，脆性材料，如陶瓷或玻璃，可能在没有太多先前变形的情况下突然失效，导致灾难性的结果。理解“tensile failure”对于工程师和设计师在选择特定应用的材料时至关重要。例如，在桥梁或建筑的建设中，选择能够承受将要遇到的拉伸力的材料是至关重要的。未能考虑“tensile failure”可能导致结构故障，造成事故、伤害甚至生命损失。此外，测试“tensile failure”是材料测试实验室中的标准实践。工程师进行抗拉试验，以确定材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延展性。通过对样本材料施加控制负载直到其失效，他们可以收集有价值的数据，从而为材料选择和设计过程提供信息。总之，“tensile failure”是材料科学中的一个基本概念，描述了材料在拉伸应力下的失效。认识到不同材料在这种条件下的行为使工程师能够就材料在各种应用中的使用做出明智的决定。无论是设计建筑、桥梁还是飞机，理解“tensile failure”对于确保工程实践的安全性和可靠性都是不可或缺的。