plastic deformation

简明释义

塑性变形

英英释义

例句

1.When metal is subjected to stress beyond its yield strength, it undergoes plastic deformation (塑性变形) and will not return to its original shape.

当金属受到超过其屈服强度的应力时，它会经历塑性变形（塑性变形），并且不会恢复到原来的形状。

2.The engineer explained that the plastic deformation (塑性变形) of the steel beam was within acceptable limits for safety.

工程师解释说，钢梁的塑性变形（塑性变形）在安全范围内是可以接受的。

3.During a tensile test, the sample exhibited plastic deformation (塑性变形) after reaching its ultimate tensile strength.

在拉伸测试中，样品在达到其极限拉伸强度后表现出塑性变形（塑性变形）。

4.The plastic deformation (塑性变形) of polymers can significantly affect their mechanical properties.

聚合物的塑性变形（塑性变形）可以显著影响其机械性能。

5.In the manufacturing process, plastic deformation (塑性变形) is often utilized to shape materials without breaking them.

在制造过程中，通常利用塑性变形（塑性变形）来塑造材料而不使其断裂。

作文

Plastic deformation is a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering that describes the permanent change in shape or size of a material when subjected to stress beyond its elastic limit. In simpler terms, it refers to the way materials behave when they are deformed under pressure or force. Understanding plastic deformation (塑性变形) is crucial for engineers and designers as it helps them predict how materials will react under various loading conditions. When a material is loaded, it initially undergoes elastic deformation, meaning it will return to its original shape once the load is removed. However, when the applied stress exceeds a certain threshold, known as the yield strength, the material enters the realm of plastic deformation (塑性变形). At this point, the changes in shape become permanent, and the material does not return to its initial form even after the load is taken away.Different materials exhibit varying degrees of plastic deformation (塑性变形) based on their intrinsic properties. For instance, metals tend to have high ductility, allowing them to undergo significant plastic deformation (塑性变形) before fracturing. This property is essential in processes such as metal forming, where materials are shaped through techniques like rolling, forging, and extrusion. On the other hand, brittle materials like ceramics may experience minimal plastic deformation (塑性变形) and can fracture suddenly when subjected to stress, making them less suitable for applications requiring flexibility.The study of plastic deformation (塑性变形) also involves understanding the mechanisms at the microscopic level. Dislocations, which are defects within the crystal structure of materials, play a significant role in facilitating plastic deformation (塑性变形). When stress is applied, these dislocations move, allowing layers of atoms to slide past each other, resulting in permanent shape changes. The ability to control and manipulate dislocations is a key aspect of materials engineering, as it enables the enhancement of material properties through processes like alloying and heat treatment.In practical applications, the concept of plastic deformation (塑性变形) is vital in assessing the safety and performance of structures and components. Engineers must consider the potential for plastic deformation (塑性变形) in designs to ensure that materials can withstand expected loads without failing. This consideration is especially important in fields such as civil engineering, aerospace, and automotive industries, where structural integrity is paramount.In conclusion, plastic deformation (塑性变形) is a critical phenomenon that influences the behavior of materials under stress. By understanding the principles of plastic deformation (塑性变形), engineers can design safer and more efficient structures and products. As technology advances, ongoing research into plastic deformation (塑性变形) will continue to enhance our ability to manipulate materials and improve their performance in various applications.

塑性变形是材料科学和工程中的一个基本概念，描述了材料在超过其弹性极限的应力作用下，形状或尺寸的永久变化。简单来说，它指的是材料在压力或力的作用下变形的方式。理解塑性变形（plastic deformation）对工程师和设计师至关重要，因为它帮助他们预测材料在各种载荷条件下的反应。当材料被加载时，它最初会经历弹性变形，这意味着一旦负载被移除，它将恢复到原始形状。然而，当施加的应力超过某个阈值，即屈服强度时，材料进入塑性变形（plastic deformation）的领域。在这一点上，形状的变化变得永久，即使在负载被移除后，材料也不会返回到其初始形态。不同的材料表现出不同程度的塑性变形（plastic deformation），这取决于它们的内在特性。例如，金属往往具有高延展性，允许它们在断裂前经历显著的塑性变形（plastic deformation）。这种特性在金属成形过程中至关重要，其中材料通过轧制、锻造和挤压等技术成型。另一方面，像陶瓷这样的脆性材料可能经历最小的塑性变形（plastic deformation），并且在施加应力时可能会突然断裂，使其不太适合需要灵活性的应用。塑性变形（plastic deformation）的研究还涉及到微观层面的机制理解。位错，即材料晶体结构中的缺陷，在促进塑性变形（plastic deformation）中起着重要作用。当施加应力时，这些位错移动，允许原子层相互滑动，从而导致形状的永久变化。控制和操纵位错的能力是材料工程的一个关键方面，因为它使得通过合金化和热处理等过程来增强材料性能成为可能。在实际应用中，塑性变形（plastic deformation）的概念对于评估结构和组件的安全性与性能至关重要。工程师必须考虑设计中塑性变形（plastic deformation）的潜在性，以确保材料能够承受预期的负载而不会失效。这种考虑在土木工程、航空航天和汽车工业等领域尤其重要，因为结构完整性至关重要。总之，塑性变形（plastic deformation）是影响材料在应力下行为的一个关键现象。通过理解塑性变形（plastic deformation）的原理，工程师可以设计出更安全、更高效的结构和产品。随着技术的进步，对塑性变形（plastic deformation）的持续研究将继续增强我们操控材料和改善其在各种应用中性能的能力。