metastases

简明释义

英[məˈtæstəsiːz]美[məˈtæstəsɪs]

n. 转移（metastasis 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Furthermore, WB-DWI revealed more metastases to the lymph lodes and extraskeletal organs.

此外，WB-DWI可以发现更多的骨外器官及淋巴结的病变。

2.Results: The prognosis of SCC and BCC is relevant to tumor types, locations, sizes, depths involved and metastases.

结果：皮肤鳞状细胞癌及基底细胞癌的预后与肿瘤类型、位置、大小、累及深度、有无转移有关。

3.Patients With Initially Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: Is There a Possibility of Cure?

初诊不能切除的结直肠癌肝转移可能治愈吗？

4.Purpose: To evaluate the value of MRI in the diagnosis of brain metastases.

目的：探讨MRI对脑转移瘤的诊断价值。

5.Conclusion The patients with COX-2 positive expression possibly have axillary lymph node metastases of breast cancer.

结论：COX - 2阳性表达的患者可能易发生乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移。

6.The poor prognosis associated with large tumors may be due to the risk of developing distant metastases.

预后不良与大肿瘤相关可能主要是由于进展为远处转移的风险。

7.There is no proof that treatment of asymptomatic metastases substantially increases survival, and it may reduce quality of life.

没有证据表明无症状转移疾病治疗能实质性增加生存期，它可能会降低生活质量。

8.Radiation therapy is the most effective treatment for brain metastases, occasionally achieving long-term control.

放射治疗对脑转移最有效，有时可获得长期控制效果。

9.Purpose: To study and analyze the regularities and CT features of cerebral metastases from lung carcinoma.

目的：研究分析肺癌脑转移瘤的CT特征和规律。

10.The oncologist used imaging techniques to identify any potential metastases (转移瘤).

肿瘤学家使用影像技术来识别任何潜在的转移瘤。

11.Early detection of metastases (转移瘤) can significantly improve treatment outcomes.

早期发现转移瘤可以显著改善治疗效果。

12.The research focused on understanding how metastases (转移瘤) form and spread in breast cancer patients.

研究集中在理解转移瘤如何在乳腺癌患者中形成和扩散。

13.The doctor explained that the patient's cancer had spread, resulting in multiple metastases (转移瘤) throughout the body.

医生解释说，病人的癌症已经扩散，导致身体各处出现多个转移瘤。

14.Patients with liver metastases (转移瘤) often face a poor prognosis.

患有肝脏转移瘤的患者通常面临不良预后。

作文

Understanding cancer is crucial in today's world, especially given the alarming rates of diagnosis and mortality associated with this disease. One of the most critical aspects of cancer biology is the concept of metastases, which refers to the spread of cancer cells from the original tumor to other parts of the body. This process can complicate treatment and significantly affect patient outcomes. In this essay, we will explore the mechanisms of metastases and their implications for cancer treatment and prevention.When cancer cells invade surrounding tissues, they can enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, allowing them to travel to distant organs. This phenomenon is known as metastases and is a hallmark of malignant tumors. Unlike benign tumors, which remain localized, malignant tumors can proliferate uncontrollably and establish secondary tumors. For instance, breast cancer can spread to the bones, liver, lungs, or brain, leading to secondary cancers that are often more challenging to treat.The process of metastases involves several steps: invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization. Initially, cancer cells invade nearby tissues and then penetrate blood vessels or lymphatics (intravasation). Once in circulation, these cells face numerous challenges, including immune surveillance and mechanical shear stress. Despite these obstacles, some cancer cells manage to survive and eventually exit the bloodstream (extravasation) to form new tumors in distant sites.The ability of cancer cells to metastasize is influenced by various factors, including genetic mutations, the tumor microenvironment, and interactions with immune cells. Research has shown that certain genetic alterations can enhance the metastatic potential of cancer cells. For example, mutations in genes such as TP53 and RAS are commonly associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes and increased likelihood of metastases.Moreover, the tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in supporting metastases. Factors such as hypoxia, inflammation, and extracellular matrix components can create a favorable niche for metastatic cells. Additionally, cancer cells can manipulate immune responses to evade detection and destruction, further facilitating their spread.Understanding metastases is not only essential for developing effective treatments but also for improving early detection and prevention strategies. Targeting the mechanisms that enable cancer cells to metastasize could lead to innovative therapies that inhibit this process. For instance, researchers are exploring drugs that target specific signaling pathways involved in cell migration and invasion.In conclusion, metastases is a complex and critical aspect of cancer progression that poses significant challenges for treatment. By deepening our understanding of how cancer cells spread and establishing secondary tumors, we can develop more effective strategies to combat this disease. Efforts aimed at preventing metastases are vital to improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of cancer on society. As research continues to advance, it is hopeful that new therapies will emerge that can effectively target and prevent the spread of cancer, ultimately leading to better survival rates and quality of life for patients worldwide.

理解癌症在当今世界中至关重要，尤其是考虑到与这种疾病相关的诊断和死亡率令人担忧的情况。癌症生物学中最关键的方面之一是转移的概念，它指的是癌细胞从原始肿瘤扩散到身体其他部分的过程。这一过程可能使治疗变得复杂，并显著影响患者的预后。在这篇文章中，我们将探讨转移的机制及其对癌症治疗和预防的影响。当癌细胞侵入周围组织时，它们可以进入血液或淋巴系统，从而使它们能够传播到远处的器官。这种现象被称为转移，是恶性肿瘤的标志。与保持局部的良性肿瘤不同，恶性肿瘤可以不受控制地增殖并建立次级肿瘤。例如，乳腺癌可以扩散到骨骼、肝脏、肺或大脑，导致次级癌症，这些癌症通常更难以治疗。转移的过程涉及几个步骤：侵袭、内侵、循环、外侵和定植。最初，癌细胞侵入附近的组织，然后穿透血管或淋巴管（内侵）。一旦进入循环，这些细胞面临许多挑战，包括免疫监视和机械剪切应力。尽管面临这些障碍，一些癌细胞仍然能够存活，并最终退出血流（外侵），在远处部位形成新肿瘤。癌细胞转移的能力受到多种因素的影响，包括基因突变、肿瘤微环境和与免疫细胞的相互作用。研究表明，某些基因改变可以增强癌细胞的转移潜力。例如，TP53和RAS等基因的突变通常与侵袭性癌症表型及增加的转移可能性相关。此外，肿瘤微环境在支持转移中起着重要作用。缺氧、炎症和细胞外基质成分等因素可以为转移细胞创造有利的生态位。此外，癌细胞可以操控免疫反应，以逃避检测和破坏，进一步促进其扩散。理解转移不仅对于开发有效的治疗至关重要，而且对于改善早期检测和预防策略也至关重要。针对使癌细胞转移的机制可能导致创新疗法的出现，这些疗法可以抑制这一过程。例如，研究人员正在探索针对参与细胞迁移和侵袭的特定信号通路的药物。总之，转移是癌症进展中的一个复杂而关键的方面，对治疗提出了重大挑战。通过深入了解癌细胞如何扩散并建立次级肿瘤，我们可以开发出更有效的策略来对抗这种疾病。旨在预防转移的努力对于改善患者预后和减少癌症对社会的负担至关重要。随着研究的不断推进，希望会出现新的疗法，能够有效地针对和预防癌症的扩散，最终提高患者的生存率和生活质量。