notch toughness

简明释义

刻痕韧性

英英释义

例句

1.The engineer emphasized the importance of notch toughness in the design of the bridge to ensure it can withstand impact forces.

工程师强调了在桥梁设计中缺口韧性的重要性，以确保它能够承受冲击力。

2.During testing, the notch toughness of the steel was measured to ensure it met safety standards.

在测试过程中，钢材的缺口韧性被测量以确保其符合安全标准。

3.Materials with high notch toughness are preferred in construction to prevent sudden failure.

在建筑中，优先选择缺口韧性高的材料，以防止突然失效。

4.The new alloy exhibits improved notch toughness, making it suitable for aerospace applications.

这种新合金展现出改善的缺口韧性，使其适用于航空航天应用。

5.A low notch toughness can lead to catastrophic failures in cold environments.

低缺口韧性可能导致寒冷环境下的灾难性故障。

作文

Notch toughness is a critical property of materials, particularly in engineering and construction applications. This term refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy and deform plastically before fracturing when a notch or a flaw is present. In many structural components, such as beams, pipes, and pressure vessels, the presence of notches can significantly affect their performance under load. Therefore, understanding and measuring notch toughness is essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of structures. Materials with high notch toughness can withstand impacts and stress without failing catastrophically, which is crucial in environments where unexpected loads might occur. For instance, metals used in bridges must possess sufficient notch toughness to prevent cracks from propagating under dynamic loading conditions caused by vehicles or environmental factors like wind and earthquakes. Engineers often conduct tests to measure this property, employing methods such as Charpy impact testing, which involves striking a notched sample with a swinging pendulum to determine how much energy is absorbed during fracture.The significance of notch toughness extends beyond just structural integrity; it also plays a vital role in the life cycle of materials. Materials that exhibit low notch toughness may fail prematurely, leading to costly repairs or even catastrophic failures that can endanger lives. Hence, selecting materials with appropriate notch toughness is crucial in design processes. For example, in the aerospace industry, components are subjected to extreme conditions, and their notch toughness is rigorously analyzed to ensure they can endure high-stress scenarios without succumbing to failure.Moreover, the temperature at which a material operates can influence its notch toughness. Many materials become more brittle at lower temperatures, which can lead to reduced notch toughness and an increased likelihood of fracture. This phenomenon is particularly relevant in regions with harsh climates, where materials must perform reliably under freezing conditions. Engineers must account for these factors when designing components for specific applications, ensuring that the materials chosen will maintain adequate notch toughness across the expected temperature range.In conclusion, notch toughness is an essential characteristic that affects the performance and safety of materials in various applications. It is imperative for engineers to understand this property, conduct thorough testing, and select materials wisely to ensure that structures can withstand the demands placed upon them throughout their service life. By prioritizing notch toughness, we can enhance the durability and reliability of our built environment, ultimately contributing to safer and more resilient infrastructure. As technology advances, further research into improving notch toughness in new materials will continue to be a significant focus in the field of material science.

断口韧性是材料的一个关键特性，特别是在工程和建筑应用中。这个术语指的是材料在存在缺口或瑕疵时，吸收能量并发生塑性变形而不发生断裂的能力。在许多结构组件中，如梁、管道和压力容器，缺口的存在可以显著影响它们在负载下的性能。因此，理解和测量断口韧性对于确保结构的安全性和可靠性至关重要。具有高断口韧性的材料可以承受冲击和应力，而不会发生灾难性失效，这在可能发生意外负载的环境中尤为重要。例如，用于桥梁的金属必须具备足够的断口韧性，以防止在车辆或风和地震等环境因素造成的动态加载条件下裂纹扩展。工程师通常会进行测试来测量这一特性，采用如夏比冲击试验等方法，该方法涉及用摆锤击打带缺口的样品，以确定在断裂过程中吸收了多少能量。断口韧性的重要性不仅仅体现在结构完整性上；它还在材料的生命周期中发挥着重要作用。表现出低断口韧性的材料可能会过早失效，导致昂贵的维修费用，甚至可能发生危及生命的灾难性故障。因此，在设计过程中选择具有适当断口韧性的材料至关重要。例如，在航空航天工业中，组件面临极端条件，其断口韧性经过严格分析，以确保它们能够在高应力场景下承受而不发生失效。此外，材料操作的温度也会影响其断口韧性。许多材料在较低温度下会变得更加脆弱，这可能导致断口韧性降低，断裂的可能性增加。这一现象在气候恶劣的地区尤其相关，材料必须在严寒条件下可靠运行。工程师在为特定应用设计组件时，必须考虑这些因素，确保所选材料在预期温度范围内保持足够的断口韧性。总之，断口韧性是影响材料在各种应用中性能和安全性的一个重要特性。工程师必须理解这一特性，进行彻底的测试，并明智地选择材料，以确保结构能够承受在其服务生命周期内施加的要求。通过优先考虑断口韧性，我们可以增强我们建成环境的耐用性和可靠性，最终有助于更安全和更具弹性的基础设施。随着技术的进步，对新材料提高断口韧性的进一步研究将继续成为材料科学领域的重要重点。