fine structure

简明释义

精细结构

英英释义

例句

1.Astronomers study the fine structure of galaxies to understand their formation.

天文学家研究星系的精细结构以了解它们的形成。

2.The fine structure constant is a fundamental physical constant characterizing the strength of electromagnetic interactions.

精细结构常数是表征电磁相互作用强度的基本物理常数。

3.Understanding the fine structure of proteins is crucial for drug design.

理解蛋白质的精细结构对药物设计至关重要。

4.The physicist explained the fine structure of hydrogen's spectral lines during the lecture.

物理学家在讲座中解释了氢的光谱线的精细结构。

5.The fine structure of the atom can reveal much about its chemical properties.

原子的精细结构可以揭示其化学性质的许多信息。

作文

The concept of fine structure is pivotal in the field of physics, particularly in atomic and quantum theory. It refers to the small splittings in the energy levels of atoms that arise due to the interactions between the electron spin and the orbital angular momentum. This phenomenon provides deeper insights into the behavior of electrons around the nucleus and is essential for understanding the spectral lines observed in atomic spectra. The fine structure can be observed in the hydrogen atom, where the energy levels are slightly shifted due to relativistic effects and spin-orbit coupling. Understanding fine structure is not just an academic exercise; it has practical implications in various technologies. For example, the precision of atomic clocks relies on the accurate measurement of these energy level splittings. Atomic clocks are crucial for global positioning systems (GPS) and telecommunications, where precise timing is essential. The fine structure allows scientists to calibrate these devices with extreme accuracy, illustrating how fundamental physics can lead to advancements in everyday technology.Moreover, the study of fine structure extends beyond hydrogen. In more complex atoms, the interactions become even more intricate, leading to a rich tapestry of energy levels and transitions. This complexity can be seen in elements like helium, where the fine structure contributes to its unique spectral lines. By analyzing these lines, researchers can gain valuable information about the atomic structure and the forces at play within the atom.In the realm of astrophysics, fine structure plays a significant role in understanding the composition and behavior of distant stars and galaxies. The light emitted from these celestial bodies carries information about their elemental makeup, temperature, and motion. By studying the fine structure of the spectral lines, astronomers can deduce the physical conditions of these stars and gain insights into the universe's evolution.Additionally, the concept of fine structure is not limited to atomic physics. It also finds applications in condensed matter physics, where the electronic properties of materials are influenced by similar interactions. Understanding the fine structure of energy bands in solids can lead to the development of new materials with tailored properties, which is vital for the advancement of technology in electronics and nanotechnology.In conclusion, the fine structure is a fundamental aspect of modern physics that bridges the gap between theoretical concepts and practical applications. Its implications span various fields, from atomic clocks to astrophysics and material science. As our understanding of fine structure deepens, we continue to unveil the complexities of the universe, highlighting the interconnectedness of different scientific disciplines. The exploration of fine structure not only enhances our comprehension of atomic behavior but also fuels innovation in technology that shapes our daily lives.

“细结构”这一概念在物理学领域中至关重要，特别是在原子和量子理论方面。它指的是由于电子自旋与轨道角动量之间的相互作用而导致的原子能级的小分裂。这一现象为理解电子在原子核周围的行为提供了更深刻的见解，并且对于理解原子光谱中观察到的谱线是必不可少的。可以在氢原子中观察到“细结构”，其中能级由于相对论效应和自旋-轨道耦合而略微偏移。理解“细结构”不仅仅是学术上的练习；它在各种技术中具有实际意义。例如，原子钟的精度依赖于对这些能级分裂的准确测量。原子钟对于全球定位系统（GPS）和电信至关重要，在这些领域，精确的计时是必需的。“细结构”使科学家能够以极高的精度校准这些设备，说明基础物理如何推动日常技术的发展。此外，“细结构”的研究不仅限于氢。在更复杂的原子中，相互作用变得更加错综复杂，导致丰富的能级和跃迁图景。这种复杂性可以在氦等元素中看到，其中“细结构”对其独特的光谱线产生贡献。通过分析这些谱线，研究人员可以获得有关原子结构和原子内所起作用的力的宝贵信息。在天体物理学领域，“细结构”在理解遥远恒星和星系的组成和行为方面发挥着重要作用。这些天体发出的光携带有关其元素组成、温度和运动的信息。通过研究光谱线的“细结构”，天文学家可以推断出这些恒星的物理条件，并深入了解宇宙的演化。此外，“细结构”的概念并不仅限于原子物理学。它还在凝聚态物理学中找到应用，其中材料的电子特性受到类似相互作用的影响。理解固体中能带的“细结构”可以导致新材料的开发，这些材料具有量身定制的特性，这对于电子学和纳米技术的发展至关重要。总之，“细结构”是现代物理学的一个基本方面，它架起了理论概念与实际应用之间的桥梁。它的影响跨越多个领域，从原子钟到天体物理学和材料科学。随着我们对“细结构”的理解加深，我们继续揭示宇宙的复杂性，突显不同科学学科之间的相互联系。对“细结构”的探索不仅增强了我们对原子行为的理解，还推动了塑造我们日常生活的技术创新。