earth pressure at rest

简明释义

土静止压力

英英释义

例句

1.The earth pressure at rest (静止土压力) can be influenced by the soil type and moisture content.

静止土压力可能会受到土壤类型和水分含量的影响。

2.During excavation, engineers must account for the earth pressure at rest (静止土压力) to prevent collapses.

在挖掘过程中，工程师必须考虑静止土压力以防止坍塌。

3.The calculation of earth pressure at rest (静止土压力) is essential for the safe design of underground structures.

计算静止土压力对于地下结构的安全设计至关重要。

4.In geotechnical engineering, understanding earth pressure at rest (静止土压力) is crucial for accurate calculations.

在岩土工程中，理解静止土压力对准确计算至关重要。

5.The design of retaining walls must consider the earth pressure at rest (静止土压力) to ensure stability.

挡土墙的设计必须考虑到静止土压力以确保稳定性。

作文

Understanding the concept of earth pressure at rest is crucial in the field of geotechnical engineering. This term refers to the lateral pressure exerted by soil on a retaining structure when the soil is not undergoing any lateral movement. In simpler terms, it describes the state of stress in the soil when it is at rest and not disturbed by any external forces or changes in conditions. The significance of this concept lies in its application for designing safe and effective structures such as retaining walls, basement walls, and other underground facilities.When soil is at rest, it maintains a certain equilibrium, which is influenced by factors such as soil type, density, and moisture content. Engineers often use the Rankine or Coulomb theories to calculate the earth pressure at rest, which provides them with essential data for their designs. These theories help in determining how much lateral pressure the soil will exert against a wall, allowing engineers to design structures that can withstand these forces without failure.The earth pressure at rest condition is particularly important when considering the stability of structures that are built below ground level. For instance, during the construction of a basement, the walls must be designed to resist the lateral pressures from the surrounding soil. If these pressures are not accurately calculated and considered, it could lead to structural failures, resulting in costly repairs and potential hazards.Moreover, understanding earth pressure at rest also aids in predicting the behavior of soil during excavation and backfilling processes. When soil is excavated, it may change from an at-rest state to an active or passive state, depending on the movements and forces applied. This transition can significantly affect the pressures acting on nearby structures, making it imperative for engineers to monitor and analyze these changes.Additionally, various factors can influence the earth pressure at rest, including the presence of groundwater, the angle of internal friction of the soil, and the depth of the soil layer. Engineers must account for these variables when assessing the pressures to ensure safety and stability. For example, if groundwater is present, it can increase the lateral pressure due to hydrostatic forces, necessitating additional considerations in the design process.In conclusion, the concept of earth pressure at rest is fundamental to the practice of geotechnical engineering. It provides critical information for the design and analysis of structures that interact with soil. By understanding the principles of earth pressure at rest, engineers can create safer, more efficient designs that account for the natural behavior of soil under various conditions. As urban development continues to expand, the importance of this knowledge will only grow, ensuring that structures remain safe and functional for years to come.

理解静止土压力的概念在岩土工程领域至关重要。这个术语指的是土壤在不发生任何侧向移动时对支护结构施加的侧向压力。简单来说，它描述了土壤在静止状态下的应力状态，没有受到任何外部力量或条件变化的干扰。这个概念的重要性在于它在设计安全有效的结构（如挡土墙、地下室墙壁和其他地下设施）中的应用。当土壤处于静止状态时，它保持一定的平衡，这受到土壤类型、密度和含水量等因素的影响。工程师通常使用Rankine或Coulomb理论来计算静止土压力，这为他们的设计提供了必要的数据。这些理论帮助确定土壤对墙体施加的侧向压力，使工程师能够设计出能够承受这些力量而不会失效的结构。静止土压力状态在考虑地下结构的稳定性时特别重要。例如，在地下室的建设过程中，墙体必须设计成抵抗周围土壤的侧向压力。如果这些压力没有准确计算和考虑，可能会导致结构失效，造成昂贵的修理费用和潜在的危险。此外，理解静止土压力还有助于预测土壤在挖掘和回填过程中的行为。当土壤被挖掘时，它可能会从静止状态转变为主动或被动状态，具体取决于施加的运动和力量。这种转变可能会显著影响附近结构上的压力，因此工程师必须监测和分析这些变化。此外，各种因素可以影响静止土压力，包括地下水的存在、土壤的内摩擦角和土层的深度。工程师在评估压力时必须考虑这些变量，以确保安全和稳定。例如，如果存在地下水，由于静水压力，它可能会增加侧向压力，从而在设计过程中需要额外的考虑。总之，静止土压力的概念是岩土工程实践的基础。它为与土壤相互作用的结构的设计和分析提供了关键的信息。通过理解静止土压力的原理，工程师可以创建更安全、更高效的设计，考虑到土壤在各种条件下的自然行为。随着城市发展的不断扩大，这一知识的重要性只会增加，确保结构在未来多年内保持安全和功能。