stopping potential

简明释义

遏止电位

英英释义

例句

1.The formula used to calculate the stopping potential 停止电位 includes Planck's constant and the frequency of the light used.

用于计算停止电位 停止电位的公式包括普朗克常数和所用光的频率。

2.In a photoelectric experiment, the measured stopping potential 停止电位 helps determine the energy of the emitted electrons.

在光电实验中，测得的停止电位 停止电位有助于确定发射电子的能量。

3.In the lab, we adjusted the voltage until we reached the stopping potential 停止电位 necessary to halt the electrons.

在实验室中，我们调整电压直到达到停止电子所需的停止电位 停止电位。

4.When conducting an experiment, we found that increasing the light intensity raised the stopping potential 停止电位.

在进行实验时，我们发现增加光强度提高了停止电位 停止电位。

5.The stopping potential 停止电位 is crucial for understanding the relationship between light frequency and electron emission.

了解光频率与电子发射之间的关系时，停止电位 停止电位至关重要。

作文

In the realm of physics, particularly in the study of photoelectric effect, the term stopping potential refers to the minimum voltage needed to stop the flow of photoelectrons emitted from a material when it is exposed to light. This phenomenon was famously described by Albert Einstein in 1905, which ultimately contributed to the development of quantum mechanics. Understanding the concept of stopping potential is crucial for grasping how light interacts with matter at the atomic level. When light hits a metal surface, it can impart energy to electrons within that material. If the energy of the incoming photons exceeds the work function of the metal, electrons are emitted. The kinetic energy of these emitted electrons can be measured, and this is where stopping potential comes into play. By applying a reverse voltage to the metal surface, we can create an electric field that opposes the motion of the emitted electrons. The stopping potential is defined as the voltage at which the current of electrons ceases entirely, indicating that all emitted electrons have been stopped by the electric field. The relationship between the energy of the incoming photons, the work function of the material, and the stopping potential can be expressed mathematically. According to Einstein's equation for the photoelectric effect, the energy of the incident photon (E) is equal to the sum of the work function (φ) and the kinetic energy (KE) of the emitted electron: E = φ + KE. The kinetic energy can also be expressed in terms of stopping potential, since KE = eV₀, where e is the charge of the electron and V₀ is the stopping potential. Thus, we can rewrite the equation as E = φ + eV₀. This relationship allows us to determine the stopping potential for different materials and light frequencies. The significance of stopping potential extends beyond theoretical physics; it has practical applications in various fields including photodetectors, solar cells, and even in understanding fundamental processes in astrophysics. For instance, in designing more efficient solar panels, engineers must consider the stopping potential to maximize the conversion of sunlight into electrical energy. Similarly, in the field of astronomy, the understanding of stopping potential helps scientists analyze the spectral lines of distant stars and galaxies, providing insights into their composition and behavior. In conclusion, the concept of stopping potential is a fundamental aspect of the photoelectric effect that illustrates the interaction between light and matter. It not only enhances our understanding of quantum mechanics but also has significant implications in technology and research. As we continue to explore the mysteries of the universe, the knowledge of concepts like stopping potential will undoubtedly play a vital role in advancing our scientific endeavors.

在物理学的领域，特别是在光电效应的研究中，短语stopping potential指的是停止从材料发射出的光电子流所需的最小电压，当材料暴露于光线下时。这一现象在1905年被阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦著名地描述，这最终促进了量子力学的发展。理解stopping potential的概念对于掌握光在原子层面与物质相互作用的方式至关重要。当光照射到金属表面时，它可以将能量传递给该材料中的电子。如果入射光子的能量超过金属的功函数，则会发射出电子。这些发射出的电子的动能可以被测量，而这就是stopping potential派上用场的地方。通过对金属表面施加反向电压，我们可以创造一个抵消发射电子运动的电场。stopping potential被定义为电流完全停止的电压，这表明所有发射出的电子都被电场阻止了。入射光子的能量、材料的功函数和stopping potential之间的关系可以用数学表达。根据爱因斯坦关于光电效应的方程，入射光子的能量(E)等于功函数(φ)和发射电子的动能(KE)之和：E = φ + KE。动能也可以用stopping potential来表示，因为KE = eV₀，其中e是电子的电荷，V₀是stopping potential。因此，我们可以将方程重写为E = φ + eV₀。这个关系使我们能够确定不同材料和光频率的stopping potential。stopping potential的重要性超越了理论物理；它在光电探测器、太阳能电池，甚至在理解天体物理学中的基本过程等多个领域都有实际应用。例如，在设计更高效的太阳能电池板时，工程师必须考虑stopping potential以最大限度地提高阳光转化为电能的效率。同样，在天文学领域，对stopping potential的理解帮助科学家分析遥远恒星和星系的光谱线，从而提供对其组成和行为的洞察。总之，stopping potential的概念是光电效应的一个基本方面，说明了光与物质之间的相互作用。它不仅增强了我们对量子力学的理解，而且在技术和研究中具有重要的意义。随着我们继续探索宇宙的奥秘，像stopping potential这样的概念无疑将在推动我们的科学事业中发挥重要作用。