spectral line

简明释义

光谱线

英英释义

例句

1.Astronomers use spectral lines 光谱线 to determine the composition of distant stars.

天文学家利用光谱线来确定遥远恒星的成分。

2.The emission spectrum of hydrogen shows a distinct spectral line 光谱线 at 656 nm.

氢的发射光谱在656纳米处显示出一条明显的光谱线。

3.Each element has a unique set of spectral lines 光谱线 that can be used for identification.

每种元素都有一组独特的光谱线，可用于识别。

4.The spectral line 光谱线 associated with sodium is very prominent in the night sky.

与钠相关的光谱线在夜空中非常显著。

5.In spectroscopy, scientists analyze spectral lines 光谱线 to understand molecular structures.

在光谱学中，科学家分析光谱线以理解分子结构。

作文

In the realm of physics and astronomy, the term spectral line refers to a distinct feature in the spectrum of light emitted or absorbed by substances. These lines are crucial for understanding the composition and properties of distant stars and galaxies. When light passes through a prism or diffraction grating, it disperses into its constituent colors, creating a spectrum. Within this spectrum, certain wavelengths will appear as dark or bright lines, known as spectral lines, which indicate the presence of specific elements or molecules. Each element has a unique set of spectral lines, much like a fingerprint, which allows scientists to identify the chemical composition of celestial objects.The formation of spectral lines is based on the principles of quantum mechanics. When an atom absorbs energy, its electrons can jump to higher energy levels. When these electrons return to their original states, they release energy in the form of light. This emitted light corresponds to specific wavelengths, resulting in the appearance of spectral lines in the spectrum. Conversely, when light passes through a cooler gas, certain wavelengths are absorbed, leading to the creation of dark spectral lines against a continuous background spectrum.One of the most famous applications of spectral lines is in the study of stellar atmospheres. By analyzing the spectral lines present in the light from a star, astronomers can determine its temperature, density, mass, distance, luminosity, and chemical composition. For instance, the presence of hydrogen spectral lines indicates that hydrogen is abundant in that star. Additionally, the Doppler effect can shift these lines towards the red or blue end of the spectrum, providing information about the star's motion relative to Earth. This phenomenon has been instrumental in the discovery of the expanding universe and the movement of galaxies.Moreover, spectral lines are not limited to astronomy; they also play a significant role in various fields such as chemistry and environmental science. In laboratories, scientists utilize spectroscopy to analyze materials and detect pollutants. By examining the spectral lines produced by a sample, researchers can identify its molecular structure and concentration. This technique is vital for monitoring air and water quality, ensuring safety and compliance with environmental regulations.In conclusion, the concept of spectral line is a fundamental aspect of spectroscopy that provides invaluable insights into the nature of matter and the universe. The ability to decode the information contained within spectral lines has transformed our understanding of both the microscopic world and the vast cosmos. As technology advances, the application of spectral lines continues to expand, opening new avenues for research and discovery across multiple disciplines. Whether in the depths of space or in a laboratory setting, spectral lines remain a powerful tool for unlocking the secrets of the universe.

在物理学和天文学的领域中，术语光谱线指的是由物质发射或吸收的光谱中的一个独特特征。这些线对于理解遥远恒星和星系的组成和性质至关重要。当光通过棱镜或衍射光栅时，它会分散成其组成颜色，形成一个光谱。在这个光谱中，某些波长将显示为暗线或亮线，称为光谱线，它们表示特定元素或分子的存在。每种元素都有一组独特的光谱线，就像指纹一样，这使科学家能够识别天体的化学成分。光谱线的形成基于量子力学的原理。当一个原子吸收能量时，其电子可能跃迁到更高的能级。当这些电子返回到原始状态时，它们以光的形式释放能量。这个发射的光对应于特定的波长，导致在光谱中出现光谱线。相反，当光通过较冷的气体时，某些波长会被吸收，从而在连续背景光谱中产生暗的光谱线。光谱线最著名的应用之一是在恒星大气的研究中。通过分析来自恒星的光中存在的光谱线，天文学家可以确定其温度、密度、质量、距离、亮度和化学成分。例如，氢光谱线的存在表明氢在该恒星中丰富。此外，多普勒效应可以将这些线向红色或蓝色谱段移动，提供关于恒星相对于地球运动的信息。这一现象在发现宇宙膨胀和星系运动中发挥了重要作用。此外，光谱线不仅限于天文学；它们在化学和环境科学等多个领域也发挥着重要作用。在实验室中，科学家利用光谱法分析材料和检测污染物。通过检查样本产生的光谱线，研究人员可以识别其分子结构和浓度。这项技术对于监测空气和水质至关重要，确保安全并遵守环境法规。总之，光谱线的概念是光谱学的一个基本方面，为我们提供了对物质和宇宙本质的宝贵见解。解码光谱线中包含的信息的能力改变了我们对微观世界和广阔宇宙的理解。随着技术的进步，光谱线的应用范围不断扩大，为多个学科的研究和发现开辟了新途径。无论是在太空深处还是在实验室环境中，光谱线仍然是揭示宇宙奥秘的强大工具。