electric dipole

简明释义

电偶极子

英英释义

例句

1.In molecular physics, the electric dipole 电偶极子 moment is crucial for understanding polar molecules.

在分子物理学中，电偶极子 electric dipole 矢量对于理解极性分子至关重要。

2.An electric dipole 电偶极子 consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by a distance.

电偶极子 electric dipole 由两个相等且相反的电荷分隔一定距离组成。

3.The electric dipole 电偶极子 approximation is often used in quantum mechanics to simplify calculations.

电偶极子 electric dipole 近似法常用于量子力学中以简化计算。

4.The behavior of an electric dipole 电偶极子 in an external electric field can be analyzed using potential energy concepts.

在外部电场中，电偶极子 electric dipole 的行为可以通过势能概念进行分析。

5.The interaction between two electric dipoles 电偶极子 can lead to interesting phenomena such as dipole-dipole attraction.

两个电偶极子 electric dipoles 之间的相互作用可以导致有趣的现象，例如偶极-偶极吸引。

作文

An electric dipole is a fundamental concept in physics and chemistry, representing a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a distance. This concept is crucial for understanding various phenomena in electric fields, molecular interactions, and even in the design of electronic devices. To grasp the significance of an electric dipole, we must first explore its definition and applications in real-world scenarios.In essence, an electric dipole consists of two charges: a positive charge (+q) and a negative charge (-q) that are separated by a distance 'd'. The dipole moment, which is a vector quantity, is defined as the product of the charge and the distance between the charges, represented mathematically as p = q * d. This dipole moment is a key parameter that influences how the dipole interacts with external electric fields.One of the most common applications of electric dipoles is in the study of molecular structures. Many molecules possess permanent dipole moments due to the uneven distribution of electron density, which leads to partial positive and negative charges within the molecule. For example, water (H2O) is a polar molecule with a significant electric dipole moment. The oxygen atom attracts the shared electrons more than the hydrogen atoms, causing a dipole to form. This polarity gives water its unique properties, such as its high boiling point and its ability to dissolve many substances, making it a universal solvent.Moreover, electric dipoles play a vital role in the interaction of molecules with electromagnetic radiation. When exposed to an external electric field, the dipoles tend to align themselves with the field, leading to a phenomenon known as polarization. This effect is harnessed in various technologies, including microwave ovens and radio transmission, where the alignment of dipoles in materials is essential for efficient energy transfer.In addition to molecular interactions, electric dipoles are also significant in the realm of antennas and communication systems. Antennas can be modeled as electric dipoles, where the oscillation of charges generates electromagnetic waves that propagate through space. Understanding the behavior of these dipoles allows engineers to design antennas with specific characteristics, improving signal strength and transmission quality.Furthermore, the concept of an electric dipole extends to the field of condensed matter physics, where the dipole moments of atoms and molecules contribute to the overall properties of materials. For instance, ferroelectric materials exhibit spontaneous polarization due to the alignment of electric dipoles, leading to applications in memory devices and sensors.In conclusion, the electric dipole is a pivotal concept that underpins many aspects of physics and chemistry. Its implications range from molecular behavior and material properties to technological advancements in communication and energy transfer. By understanding the principles of electric dipoles, we can appreciate the intricate interactions that govern the natural world and leverage this knowledge to innovate and improve various applications in science and technology.

电偶极子是物理和化学中的一个基本概念，表示一对相等且相反的电荷在一定距离上分开。这个概念对于理解电场、分子相互作用以及电子设备设计中的各种现象至关重要。为了掌握电偶极子的意义，我们必须首先探讨它的定义及其在现实世界中的应用。从本质上讲，电偶极子由两个电荷组成：一个正电荷（+q）和一个负电荷（-q），它们之间的距离为'd'。偶极矩是一个矢量量，定义为电荷与电荷之间距离的乘积，数学上表示为p = q * d。这个偶极矩是影响偶极子与外部电场相互作用的关键参数。电偶极子最常见的应用之一是在分子结构研究中。许多分子由于电子密度的不均匀分布而具有永久偶极矩，这导致分子内部出现部分正电荷和负电荷。例如，水（H2O）是一种极性分子，具有显著的电偶极子矩。氧原子比氢原子更强地吸引共享电子，导致偶极的形成。这种极性赋予水独特的性质，如高沸点和溶解许多物质的能力，使其成为一种通用溶剂。此外，电偶极子在分子与电磁辐射之间的相互作用中也起着重要作用。当暴露于外部电场时，偶极子倾向于与电场对齐，导致一种称为极化的现象。这种效应在各种技术中得以利用，包括微波炉和无线电传输，其中材料中偶极子的对齐对于有效的能量传输至关重要。除了分子相互作用外，电偶极子在天线和通信系统领域也很重要。天线可以被建模为电偶极子，电荷的振荡产生通过空间传播的电磁波。理解这些偶极子的行为使工程师能够设计具有特定特性的天线，从而提高信号强度和传输质量。此外，电偶极子的概念扩展到凝聚态物理学领域，原子和分子的偶极矩对材料的整体性质有贡献。例如，铁电材料由于电偶极子的排列而表现出自发极化，这导致在存储设备和传感器中的应用。总之，电偶极子是支撑物理和化学许多方面的关键概念。它的影响范围从分子行为和材料性质到通信和能量传输技术的进步。通过理解电偶极子的原理，我们可以欣赏支配自然世界的复杂相互作用，并利用这一知识在科学和技术的各个应用中创新和改进。