civilization

简明释义

英[ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n]美[ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃn]

n. 文明；文明社会，文明国家；人类社会；舒适的生活环境；教化，开化

复 数 c i v i l i z a t i o n s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Western civilization has been deeply influenced by Greek Culture.

西方文明深受希腊文化的影响。

2.I think we can date the decline of Western Civilization quite precisely.

我认为我们可以非常准确的推断出西方文明衰落的年代。

3.This opera is one of the cultural totems of Western civilization.

这部歌剧是西方文明的文化标志之一。

4.I finally reached what we laughingly call civilization.

我终于到了我们戏称为文明之地的地方。

5.At first sight, the plain did not appear to be a likely home for a civilization.

乍一看，这片平原似乎不像是一个文明的家园。

6.Three major narratives intertwine within Foucault's text, "Madness and Civilization."

福考特的文章《疯狂与文明》中交织着三种主要的叙述。

7.Science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.

科学也有文化历史，其根源可以追溯到文明的开端。

8.It's good to be back in civilization after two weeks in a tent!

在帐篷里住了两个星期后又回到人类文明的生活可真好呀！

9.We won't know whether such "biosignatures" are an indication of slime or civilization.

我们将不会知道那样的“生命信号”所预示的究竟是一堆烂泥还是一种文明。

10.The rise of technology has transformed our civilization in unprecedented ways.

科技的崛起以空前的方式改变了我们的文明。

11.Many historians believe that the fall of the Roman civilization marked the beginning of the Middle Ages.

许多历史学家认为，罗马文明的衰落标志着中世纪的开始。

12.The ancient Egyptians contributed significantly to the development of Western civilization.

古埃及人对西方文明的发展做出了重要贡献。

13.The study of civilization helps us understand the evolution of human societies.

对文明的研究帮助我们理解人类社会的演变。

14.Cultural exchanges have played a vital role in shaping modern civilization.

文化交流在塑造现代文明方面发挥了至关重要的作用。

作文

The concept of civilization refers to the complex society characterized by the development of cities, social classes, and a system of governance. Throughout history, various forms of civilization have emerged, each contributing unique advancements in technology, culture, and governance. Understanding the evolution of civilization is crucial for comprehending the modern world we live in today.One of the earliest known civilizations was the Sumerian civilization in Mesopotamia, which flourished around 3500 BC. The Sumerians developed one of the first writing systems, known as cuneiform, which allowed them to document their history, trade, and laws. This advancement marked a significant turning point in human history, as it enabled the preservation and transmission of knowledge across generations. As civilizations progressed, the importance of written language became increasingly evident, leading to the rise of literature, philosophy, and science.Another key aspect of civilization is the establishment of social hierarchies. In ancient Egypt, for example, society was structured with the pharaoh at the top, followed by priests, nobles, and commoners. This stratification allowed for the specialization of labor, where individuals could focus on specific trades and crafts, ultimately leading to innovations in agriculture, architecture, and art. The pyramids of Giza stand as a testament to the architectural prowess of Egyptian civilization, showcasing the ability to mobilize resources and labor on a massive scale.As civilizations expanded, they often encountered one another, leading to cultural exchanges and conflicts. The spread of the Roman Empire is a prime example of how civilization can influence and shape neighboring regions. The Romans were known for their advanced engineering, legal systems, and governance, which laid the foundation for many modern Western societies. The integration of different cultures within the empire resulted in a rich tapestry of art, religion, and philosophy that continues to impact our world today.In contrast, the decline of civilizations can also provide valuable lessons. The fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD led to a period known as the Dark Ages in Europe, characterized by a decline in trade, literacy, and cultural output. This illustrates the fragility of civilization and the factors that can lead to its downfall, such as economic instability, political corruption, and external invasions.In contemporary times, the concept of civilization has evolved to encompass global interconnectedness. The rise of technology and globalization has created a new landscape where cultures interact more than ever before. However, this interconnectedness also raises questions about cultural homogenization and the preservation of unique identities. As we navigate the complexities of modern civilization, it is essential to reflect on the lessons learned from past civilizations and strive for a balance between progress and cultural preservation.In conclusion, the study of civilization is vital for understanding the trajectory of human development. From the early Sumerians to the complexities of today's global society, civilization has shaped our world in profound ways. By examining the successes and failures of past civilizations, we can gain insights into our current challenges and work towards a more harmonious future for all humanity.

“文明”这个概念指的是由城市、社会阶层和治理系统的发展所特征的复杂社会。历史上，各种形式的“文明”相继出现，每一种都为技术、文化和治理的进步做出了独特的贡献。理解“文明”的演变对于理解我们今天所生活的现代世界至关重要。已知的最早的“文明”之一是公元前3500年左右在美索不达米亚繁荣的苏美尔文明。苏美尔人发展了第一种书写系统，称为楔形文字，这使他们能够记录历史、贸易和法律。这一进步标志着人类历史上的一个重大转折点，因为它使知识能够跨代保存和传播。随着“文明”的进步，书面语言的重要性变得愈加明显，导致了文学、哲学和科学的兴起。“文明”的另一个关键方面是社会等级制度的建立。例如，在古埃及，社会结构是以法老为首，其次是祭司、贵族和普通人。这种分层结构允许劳动的专业化，使个人能够专注于特定的行业和工艺，最终导致农业、建筑和艺术的创新。吉萨金字塔作为埃及“文明”建筑才能的证明，展示了大规模动员资源和劳动力的能力。随着“文明”的扩展，它们往往会相互接触，导致文化交流和冲突。罗马帝国的扩展就是一个典型例子，展示了“文明”如何影响和塑造邻近地区。罗马人以其先进的工程、法律体系和治理而闻名，这为许多现代西方社会奠定了基础。帝国内不同文化的融合形成了丰富的艺术、宗教和哲学的织锦，至今仍对我们的世界产生影响。相比之下，“文明”的衰退也能提供有价值的教训。公元5世纪罗马帝国的衰落导致了欧洲历史上被称为黑暗时代的时期，其特征是贸易、文化产出和识字率的下降。这说明了“文明”的脆弱性以及导致其衰亡的因素，如经济不稳定、政治腐败和外部入侵。在当代，“文明”的概念已经演变为涵盖全球互联性。科技和全球化的兴起创造了一个新的格局，各种文化比以往任何时候都更频繁地互动。然而，这种互联性也引发了关于文化同质化和独特身份保护的问题。当我们在现代“文明”的复杂性中航行时，反思过去“文明”所学到的教训并努力在进步与文化保护之间取得平衡是至关重要的。总之，研究“文明”对于理解人类发展的轨迹至关重要。从早期的苏美尔人到今天全球社会的复杂性，“文明”以深刻的方式塑造了我们的世界。通过审视过去“文明”的成功与失败，我们可以获得对当前挑战的洞察，并为全人类的更和谐未来而努力。