crystallographic plane

简明释义

晶面

英英释义

例句

1.The atomic arrangement on the crystallographic plane determines the crystal's symmetry.

在晶面上的原子排列决定了晶体的对称性。

2.Defects in the crystallographic plane can lead to unexpected mechanical properties.

在晶面中的缺陷可能导致意想不到的机械性能。

3.Researchers used X-ray diffraction to analyze the crystallographic plane of the material.

研究人员使用X射线衍射分析材料的晶面。

4.The orientation of the crystallographic plane in a crystal can affect its optical properties.

晶体中晶面的取向会影响其光学特性。

5.The angle between two crystallographic planes is crucial for understanding the material's behavior.

两个晶面之间的角度对于理解材料的行为至关重要。

作文

The study of materials at the atomic level has revealed a wealth of information about their properties and behavior. One fundamental concept in crystallography is the idea of a crystallographic plane, which plays a crucial role in determining how crystals grow and interact with light. A crystallographic plane can be defined as a flat, two-dimensional surface that cuts through a crystal lattice, representing a specific arrangement of atoms within the crystal structure. Understanding these planes is essential for scientists and engineers who work with materials in fields such as semiconductor technology, metallurgy, and mineralogy.Crystals are made up of repeating units called unit cells, which are arranged in three-dimensional space. Each unit cell is characterized by its dimensions and the angles between its edges. The crystallographic plane is related to these unit cells and is often identified by Miller indices, a notation that describes the orientation of the plane in relation to the axes of the unit cell. For instance, a crystallographic plane denoted by (100) would intersect the x-axis at one unit length and be parallel to the y and z axes, effectively defining a specific orientation within the crystal.The significance of crystallographic planes extends beyond mere geometry; they influence various physical properties of materials, including their strength, conductivity, and optical characteristics. For example, in the case of metals, the arrangement of atoms along certain crystallographic planes can determine how easily the metal can be deformed under stress. This phenomenon is critical in industries where materials must withstand significant forces without breaking.In addition to mechanical properties, crystallographic planes also play a vital role in the optical properties of crystals. When light interacts with a crystal, it can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed depending on the orientation of the crystallographic planes. This interaction is particularly important in the field of optics, where the design of lenses and other optical devices relies on precise control over how light behaves when passing through different materials.Moreover, the study of crystallographic planes is essential in the development of new materials. By manipulating the arrangement of atoms within a crystal, researchers can create materials with tailored properties for specific applications. For instance, semiconductors are engineered to have specific crystallographic planes that enhance their electrical properties, making them suitable for use in electronic devices such as transistors and diodes.In conclusion, the concept of a crystallographic plane is fundamental to understanding the structure and behavior of crystalline materials. These planes not only define the geometric arrangement of atoms but also significantly influence the physical properties of the materials we encounter in everyday life. From the metals used in construction to the semiconductors that power our electronic devices, the importance of crystallographic planes cannot be understated. As research continues to advance in material science, a deeper understanding of these planes will undoubtedly lead to innovative solutions and technologies that can benefit society as a whole.

在原子级别上研究材料揭示了关于其性质和行为的丰富信息。晶体学中的一个基本概念是晶面的概念，它在决定晶体如何生长和与光相互作用方面起着至关重要的作用。晶面可以定义为切割晶格的平坦二维表面，代表晶体结构中原子的特定排列。理解这些平面对科学家和工程师在半导体技术、冶金和矿物学等领域工作至关重要。晶体由称为单元胞的重复单元组成，这些单元以三维空间排列。每个单元胞的特征是其尺寸和边缘之间的角度。晶面与这些单元胞相关，并通常通过米勒指数来识别，这是一种描述平面相对于单元胞轴的取向的符号。例如，标记为(100)的晶面将在x轴上与一个单位长度相交，并且与y轴和z轴平行，有效地定义了晶体内的特定取向。晶面的重要性不仅仅在于几何；它们影响材料的各种物理特性，包括强度、导电性和光学特性。例如，在金属的情况下，沿某些晶面的原子排列可以决定金属在应力下变形的难易程度。这种现象在材料必须承受显著力量而不破裂的行业中至关重要。除了机械特性，晶面在晶体的光学特性中也发挥着重要作用。当光与晶体相互作用时，光的反射、折射或吸收会根据晶面的取向而变化。这种相互作用在光学领域尤其重要，透镜和其他光学设备的设计依赖于精确控制光在不同材料中传播时的行为。此外，晶面的研究对新材料的发展至关重要。通过操控晶体内原子的排列，研究人员可以创造出具有特定应用所需的量身定制的材料。例如，半导体被设计为具有特定的晶面，以增强其电气特性，使其适合用于电子设备，如晶体管和二极管。总之，晶面的概念是理解晶体材料的结构和行为的基础。这些平面不仅定义了原子的几何排列，还显著影响我们日常生活中遇到的材料的物理特性。从建筑中使用的金属到为我们的电子设备提供动力的半导体，晶面的重要性不容小觑。随着材料科学研究的不断推进，对这些平面的更深入理解无疑将导致创新解决方案和技术的出现，从而使整个社会受益。