coulomb barrier

简明释义

库仑势垒

英英释义

例句

1.In nuclear physics, the concept of the coulomb barrier is crucial for understanding how nuclear reactions occur.

在核物理中，库仑势垒的概念对于理解核反应的发生至关重要。

2.The coulomb barrier prevents two positively charged nuclei from coming close enough to fuse.

由于库仑势垒的存在，两个带正电的原子核无法靠近到足以发生融合。

3.Scientists are exploring ways to lower the coulomb barrier to make fusion more feasible.

科学家们正在探索降低库仑势垒的方法，以使聚变更加可行。

4.In particle accelerators, particles are given enough energy to overcome the coulomb barrier.

在粒子加速器中，粒子被赋予足够的能量以克服库仑势垒。

5.The energy required to overcome the coulomb barrier can be significant in fusion reactions.

在聚变反应中，克服库仑势垒所需的能量可能是相当大的。

作文

The concept of the coulomb barrier is fundamental in the field of nuclear physics. It refers to the energy barrier that charged particles must overcome in order to get close enough to each other for nuclear reactions to occur. This barrier arises due to the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged nuclei. Understanding the coulomb barrier is essential for various applications, including nuclear fusion and the behavior of atomic nuclei. In nuclear fusion, for example, two hydrogen nuclei need to collide with enough energy to overcome the coulomb barrier and fuse together, forming helium and releasing a tremendous amount of energy in the process. The temperature required for this reaction to take place is extremely high, often reaching millions of degrees Celsius. At such temperatures, the kinetic energy of the particles is sufficient to overcome the coulomb barrier, allowing fusion to occur. This principle is what powers the sun and other stars, making it a crucial aspect of astrophysics as well.The coulomb barrier is not only important in fusion but also in radioactive decay processes. For instance, alpha particles, which are helium nuclei, must overcome the coulomb barrier of the parent nucleus in order to escape. The probability of this occurring depends on the energy of the alpha particle and the height of the barrier itself. This relationship is described by quantum tunneling, a phenomenon that allows particles to pass through barriers that they classically should not be able to surmount.In experiments, scientists can manipulate conditions to study the effects of the coulomb barrier. By accelerating particles using particle accelerators, researchers can provide sufficient energy to overcome the barrier and observe resulting nuclear reactions. These experiments have led to significant discoveries in nuclear physics and have practical implications in fields such as medicine, where radioactive isotopes are used in imaging and treatment.Moreover, the understanding of the coulomb barrier has implications beyond just nuclear reactions. It also plays a role in the stability of atomic nuclei and the processes that govern stellar evolution. As stars evolve, they undergo various nuclear processes that involve overcoming these barriers. The study of the coulomb barrier thus connects many areas of physics, from the smallest particles to the largest astronomical phenomena.In conclusion, the coulomb barrier is a critical concept in nuclear physics that describes the energy threshold needed for charged particles to interact at the nuclear level. Its implications reach far and wide, influencing our understanding of everything from the core processes of stars to practical applications in technology and medicine. By studying the coulomb barrier, scientists continue to unlock the mysteries of the universe, revealing the intricate dance of particles that underlies all matter.

‘库仑势垒’这一概念在核物理学领域中至关重要。它指的是带电粒子必须克服的能量障碍，以便足够接近彼此，从而发生核反应。这个障碍是由于正电荷原子核之间的静电排斥力所产生的。理解‘库仑势垒’对于各种应用至关重要，包括核聚变和原子核的行为。例如，在核聚变中，两个氢原子核需要以足够的能量碰撞，以克服‘库仑势垒’并结合在一起，形成氦并释放出大量能量。进行这种反应所需的温度极高，通常达到数百万摄氏度。在如此高的温度下，粒子的动能足以克服‘库仑势垒’，使聚变得以发生。这个原理就是太阳和其他恒星的动力，使其成为天体物理学的重要方面。‘库仑势垒’不仅在聚变中重要，还在放射性衰变过程中起着作用。例如，α粒子，即氦核，必须克服母核的‘库仑势垒’才能逃逸。发生这种情况的概率取决于α粒子的能量和障碍本身的高度。这种关系通过量子隧穿现象来描述，该现象允许粒子穿过它们经典上不应该能够越过的障碍。在实验中，科学家可以操控条件以研究‘库仑势垒’的影响。通过使用粒子加速器加速粒子，研究人员可以提供足够的能量来克服障碍，并观察到随之而来的核反应。这些实验导致了核物理学中的重大发现，并在医学等领域具有实际意义，其中放射性同位素用于成像和治疗。此外，对‘库仑势垒’的理解不仅限于核反应。它还在原子核的稳定性和支配恒星演化的过程中的作用。随着恒星的演变，它们经历各种核过程，这些过程涉及克服这些障碍。因此，‘库仑势垒’的研究联系了许多物理学领域，从最小的粒子到最大的天文现象。总之，‘库仑势垒’是核物理学中的一个关键概念，描述了带电粒子在核层面相互作用所需的能量阈值。它的影响广泛而深远，影响着我们对从恒星核心过程到技术和医学中的实际应用的理解。通过研究‘库仑势垒’，科学家们继续揭开宇宙的奥秘，揭示构成所有物质的粒子之间复杂的舞蹈。