chemical bond

简明释义

化学键

英英释义

例句

1.Ionic chemical bonds 化学键 occur when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

离子化学键发生在电子从一个原子转移到另一个原子时。

2.The strength of a chemical bond 化学键 determines the stability of a molecule.

化学键的强度决定了分子的稳定性。

3.When two atoms form a chemical bond 化学键, they share or transfer electrons.

当两个原子形成化学键时，它们共享或转移电子。

4.Covalent chemical bonds 化学键 involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

共价化学键涉及原子之间电子对的共享。

5.In organic chemistry, understanding chemical bonds 化学键 is crucial for predicting molecular behavior.

在有机化学中，理解化学键对于预测分子行为至关重要。

作文

In the fascinating world of chemistry, one of the most crucial concepts is the chemical bond. A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds. Understanding chemical bonds is fundamental for anyone who wishes to delve deeper into the science of matter and its interactions. There are primarily three types of chemical bonds: ionic, covalent, and metallic, each playing a significant role in the properties and behaviors of substances.Ionic bonds form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the creation of charged ions. This type of chemical bond typically occurs between metals and nonmetals. For instance, sodium (Na) can lose an electron to become Na+, while chlorine (Cl) can gain an electron to become Cl-. The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions forms a strong chemical bond, leading to the creation of sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt. The ionic chemical bond is characterized by its high melting and boiling points, making ionic compounds solid at room temperature.Covalent bonds, on the other hand, involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. This type of chemical bond is prevalent among nonmetals. When two hydrogen atoms come together, they share their single electrons, forming a stable H2 molecule through a covalent chemical bond. The strength of a covalent chemical bond depends on the number of shared electron pairs; single, double, and triple bonds exist, with triple bonds being the strongest. Covalent compounds often have lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds and can exist in various states—solid, liquid, or gas—at room temperature.Metallic bonds are unique and occur in metals where electrons are not bound to any specific atom but are instead free to move throughout the structure. This 'sea of electrons' allows for the conductivity and malleability characteristic of metals. In a metallic chemical bond, the positively charged metal ions are surrounded by a cloud of delocalized electrons, which helps to hold the structure together. This type of chemical bond explains why metals can conduct electricity and heat so efficiently.Understanding chemical bonds is essential for grasping how different substances interact and react with one another. The nature of the chemical bond determines the physical and chemical properties of a substance, including its state, reactivity, and how it interacts with other compounds. For example, water (H2O) has polar covalent chemical bonds that give it unique properties such as high surface tension and the ability to dissolve many substances, making it a universal solvent.In conclusion, the study of chemical bonds is a gateway to understanding the complexities of chemistry and the material world around us. By exploring the different types of chemical bonds—ionic, covalent, and metallic—we can better appreciate the intricate relationships between atoms and how they combine to form the diverse array of substances that make up our universe. Whether it’s the salt on our dinner table or the water we drink, chemical bonds are the unseen forces that shape our reality and drive the countless reactions that sustain life.

在化学的迷人世界中，最关键的概念之一就是化学键。化学键是原子、离子或分子之间的持久吸引力，使化合物的形成成为可能。理解化学键对于任何希望深入了解物质及其相互作用的科学爱好者来说都是基础。有三种主要类型的化学键：离子键、共价键和金属键，每一种在物质的性质和行为中都发挥着重要作用。离子键形成于电子从一个原子转移到另一个原子时，导致带电离子的产生。这种类型的化学键通常发生在金属和非金属之间。例如，钠（Na）可以失去一个电子变成Na+，而氯（Cl）可以获得一个电子变成Cl-。这些带有相反电荷的离子之间的静电吸引形成了强大的化学键，导致氯化钠的形成，通常被称为食盐。离子化学键的特点是其高熔点和沸点，使得离子化合物在室温下为固态。另一方面，共价键涉及原子之间电子对的共享。这种类型的化学键在非金属之间普遍存在。当两个氢原子结合时，它们共享各自的单个电子，通过共价化学键形成稳定的H2分子。共价化学键的强度取决于共享电子对的数量；存在单键、双键和三键，其中三键最强。与离子化合物相比，共价化合物的熔点和沸点通常较低，可以在室温下以固体、液体或气体的形式存在。金属键则独特，发生在金属中，电子不再绑定于任何特定原子，而是自由地在结构中移动。这种“电子海”使得金属具有导电性和延展性。在金属化学键中，带正电的金属离子被去局域化的电子云包围，这有助于将结构保持在一起。这种类型的化学键解释了金属为何能如此有效地导电和导热。理解化学键对于掌握不同物质如何相互作用和反应至关重要。化学键的性质决定了物质的物理和化学特性，包括其状态、反应性以及如何与其他化合物相互作用。例如，水（H2O）具有极性共价化学键，赋予其独特的性质，如高表面张力和溶解许多物质的能力，使其成为通用溶剂。总之，研究化学键是理解化学及我们周围物质复杂性的门户。通过探索离子、共价和金属等不同类型的化学键，我们可以更好地欣赏原子之间的复杂关系，以及它们如何结合形成构成我们宇宙的各种物质。无论是我们餐桌上的盐还是我们饮用的水，化学键都是塑造我们现实和驱动维持生命的无数反应的看不见力量。