nonequilibrium carrier

简明释义

非平衡载劣

英英释义

例句

1.The research focused on the behavior of nonequilibrium carrier in semiconductor materials.

研究集中在半导体材料中非平衡载流子的行为上。

2.The lifetime of a nonequilibrium carrier is crucial for the performance of optoelectronic devices.

非平衡载流子的寿命对光电设备的性能至关重要。

3.Understanding the dynamics of nonequilibrium carrier can lead to improved solar cell efficiency.

理解非平衡载流子的动态可以提高太阳能电池的效率。

4.Researchers are studying how nonequilibrium carrier recombination affects material properties.

研究人员正在研究非平衡载流子复合如何影响材料特性。

5.In this experiment, we observed the generation of nonequilibrium carrier under high-energy photon excitation.

在这个实验中，我们观察到在高能光子激发下生成了非平衡载流子。

作文

In the realm of physics and material science, the term nonequilibrium carrier refers to charge carriers that exist in a state not in thermal equilibrium with their surroundings. This concept is crucial for understanding various phenomena in semiconductors and other materials where electronic properties significantly influence their behavior. To grasp the significance of nonequilibrium carrier, it is essential to explore its implications in the context of modern technology and scientific research.When we talk about charge carriers, we typically refer to electrons and holes in semiconductors. Under normal conditions, these carriers reach a state of equilibrium where their distribution and energy levels stabilize. However, in many practical applications, such as in solar cells or photodetectors, the carriers are often excited by external energy sources like light or electric fields, leading them into a nonequilibrium carrier state. This non-equilibrium condition allows for enhanced conductivity and efficiency in devices designed to harness energy or transmit signals.The behavior of nonequilibrium carriers is governed by several factors, including temperature, electric fields, and the presence of impurities or defects within the material. For instance, in a photovoltaic cell, when sunlight strikes the cell's surface, it generates electron-hole pairs. These pairs are in a nonequilibrium carrier state until they are separated by the internal electric field, which drives the electrons towards one electrode and holes towards another, thus creating an electric current.Understanding nonequilibrium carriers is also vital for advancing technologies such as lasers and transistors. In these devices, the manipulation of charge carriers is fundamental to their operation. For example, in a laser, the population inversion created by pumping energy into the system results in a large number of nonequilibrium carriers, which ultimately leads to stimulated emission of light. Similarly, in transistors, the control of nonequilibrium carriers enables the switching and amplification of electronic signals, which is the backbone of modern computing.Moreover, the study of nonequilibrium carriers extends beyond traditional semiconductor physics. Researchers are increasingly investigating materials like graphene and topological insulators, where the dynamics of charge carriers can be profoundly different from conventional materials. In these systems, the non-equilibrium behavior may lead to novel electronic properties and potential applications in quantum computing and advanced electronics.In conclusion, the concept of nonequilibrium carrier is integral to the understanding of charge transport in various materials and devices. Its implications stretch across numerous fields, from renewable energy technologies to advanced electronic devices. As research continues to evolve, the exploration of nonequilibrium carriers will undoubtedly yield new insights and innovations, shaping the future of technology and our understanding of material properties. Therefore, mastering this concept is essential for anyone looking to delve into the world of modern physics and engineering.

在物理学和材料科学领域，短语nonequilibrium carrier指的是处于与其周围环境不处于热平衡状态的载流子。这个概念对于理解半导体和其他材料中的各种现象至关重要，因为电子特性显著影响它们的行为。要掌握nonequilibrium carrier的重要性，有必要在现代技术和科学研究的背景下探讨其含义。当我们谈论载流子时，通常指的是半导体中的电子和空穴。在正常条件下，这些载流子会达到一种平衡状态，在该状态下，它们的分布和能量水平稳定。然而，在许多实际应用中，例如在太阳能电池或光电探测器中，载流子常常受到光或电场等外部能量源的激发，导致它们进入一种nonequilibrium carrier状态。这种非平衡条件允许在设计用于利用能量或传输信号的设备中增强导电性和效率。nonequilibrium carriers的行为受多个因素的影响，包括温度、电场以及材料中杂质或缺陷的存在。例如，在光伏电池中，当阳光照射到电池表面时，会产生电子-空穴对。这些对处于nonequilibrium carrier状态，直到被内部电场分离，从而推动电子向一个电极移动，而空穴则向另一个电极移动，从而产生电流。理解nonequilibrium carriers对于推进激光器和晶体管等技术也至关重要。在这些设备中，载流子的操控是其操作的基础。例如，在激光器中，由于向系统泵送能量而产生的人口反转，导致大量nonequilibrium carriers的生成，最终导致光的受激发射。同样，在晶体管中，nonequilibrium carriers的控制使得电子信号的开关和放大成为可能，这是现代计算的支柱。此外，对nonequilibrium carriers的研究超越了传统的半导体物理学。研究人员越来越多地调查像石墨烯和拓扑绝缘体这样的材料，其中载流子的动态可能与常规材料截然不同。在这些系统中，非平衡行为可能导致新颖的电子特性和在量子计算及先进电子学中的潜在应用。总之，nonequilibrium carrier的概念对于理解各种材料和设备中的电荷传输至关重要。它的影响跨越众多领域，从可再生能源技术到先进电子设备。随着研究的不断发展，对nonequilibrium carriers的探索无疑会带来新的见解和创新，塑造技术的未来以及我们对材料特性的理解。因此，掌握这一概念对于任何希望深入现代物理和工程领域的人来说都是必不可少的。