refractory metal

简明释义

耐火金属

英英释义

例句

1.In nuclear reactors, refractory metals are used to construct fuel cladding.

在核反应堆中，耐火金属用于制造燃料包壳。

2.The aerospace industry often uses refractory metals for components that must withstand extreme temperatures.

航空航天工业通常使用耐火金属制造必须承受极端温度的部件。

3.Because of their durability, refractory metals are ideal for making furnace linings.

由于其耐用性，耐火金属非常适合用于制造炉衬。

4.Tungsten is a common example of a refractory metal, which is known for its high melting point.

钨是一种常见的耐火金属，以其高熔点而闻名。

5.The high thermal conductivity of refractory metals makes them valuable in electronics.

耐火金属的高热导电性使它们在电子产品中非常有价值。

作文

Refractory metals are a unique class of materials that exhibit exceptional resistance to heat and wear. These metals, including tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, and niobium, possess melting points above 3000 degrees Celsius, making them ideal for high-temperature applications. The term refractory metal refers to their ability to maintain structural integrity even when subjected to extreme conditions. This property is particularly valuable in industries such as aerospace, nuclear energy, and manufacturing, where materials must withstand intense thermal stress. The significance of refractory metals lies not only in their high melting points but also in their remarkable mechanical properties. For instance, tungsten, known for its density and hardness, is often used in the production of cutting tools and electrical contacts. Molybdenum, on the other hand, is favored in applications requiring high strength at elevated temperatures, such as furnace components and rocket nozzles. Tantalum is renowned for its corrosion resistance, making it suitable for chemical processing equipment. One of the primary challenges in working with refractory metals is their tendency to be difficult to machine and fabricate. Their hardness can lead to increased wear on tooling, necessitating the use of specialized techniques and equipment. Additionally, the high melting points of these metals require advanced welding methods, which can complicate the manufacturing process. Despite these challenges, the benefits of using refractory metals often outweigh the difficulties, particularly in high-performance environments. In the aerospace industry, for example, refractory metals play a critical role in the development of jet engines and spacecraft. The extreme temperatures experienced during flight demand materials that can withstand significant thermal loads without deforming or failing. Similarly, in nuclear reactors, refractory metals are employed in fuel cladding and structural components due to their ability to endure harsh radiation and heat. Moreover, the versatility of refractory metals extends beyond traditional applications. Recent advancements in additive manufacturing have opened new avenues for utilizing these materials in innovative ways. By leveraging 3D printing technologies, engineers can create complex geometries that were previously unattainable with conventional methods. This capability allows for the design of lightweight structures that maintain the strength and durability associated with refractory metals. In conclusion, refractory metals are indispensable materials in various high-temperature and high-performance applications. Their unique properties, including high melting points and excellent mechanical characteristics, make them essential in industries ranging from aerospace to nuclear energy. While challenges in machining and fabrication exist, ongoing advancements in technology continue to enhance the usability of refractory metals. As we move forward, the importance of these materials will only grow, paving the way for innovations that push the boundaries of engineering and materials science.

耐火金属是一类独特的材料，具有极强的耐热和耐磨损性能。这些金属，包括钨、钼、钽和铌，熔点均在3000摄氏度以上，使它们非常适合高温应用。术语耐火金属指的是它们在极端条件下保持结构完整性的能力。这一特性在航空航天、核能和制造等行业中尤为重要，因为这些领域的材料必须承受强烈的热应力。耐火金属的重要性不仅体现在其高熔点上，还体现在其卓越的机械性能上。例如，钨以其密度和硬度著称，常用于切削工具和电气接触件的生产。而钼则因其在高温下的高强度而受到青睐，广泛应用于炉组件和火箭喷嘴等需要高强度的应用中。钽以其耐腐蚀性而闻名，适用于化学加工设备。使用耐火金属的主要挑战之一是它们往往难以加工和制造。它们的硬度可能导致工具磨损加剧，需要使用专门的技术和设备。此外，这些金属的高熔点要求先进的焊接方法，这可能会使制造过程复杂化。尽管存在这些挑战，但在高性能环境中使用耐火金属的好处通常超过了困难。例如，在航空航天工业中，耐火金属在喷气发动机和航天器的开发中发挥着关键作用。飞行过程中经历的极端温度要求材料能够承受显著的热负荷而不变形或失效。类似地，在核反应堆中，耐火金属被用于燃料包壳和结构部件，因为它们能够忍受严酷的辐射和热量。此外，耐火金属的多样性超出了传统应用。最近在增材制造方面的进展为以创新方式利用这些材料开辟了新途径。通过利用3D打印技术，工程师可以创建以前无法用传统方法实现的复杂几何形状。这种能力使得设计轻量化结构成为可能，同时保持与耐火金属相关的强度和耐久性。总之，耐火金属在各种高温和高性能应用中是不可或缺的材料。它们的独特特性，包括高熔点和优良的机械特性，使其在航空航天到核能等行业中至关重要。尽管在加工和制造方面存在挑战，但技术的持续进步不断增强了耐火金属的可用性。随着我们向前发展，这些材料的重要性只会增加，为推动工程和材料科学的创新铺平道路。