hydrometallurgy

简明释义

英[ˌhaɪdrəʊˈmetəˌlɜːdʒi]美[ˌhaɪdroˈmetlˌɜːrdʒi]

n. [冶] 湿法冶金术

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Pressure hydrometallurgy is over hundred years old.

高压湿法冶金已有百多年的历史。

2.Slurry electrolysis is a new technology of hydrometallurgy developed in recent years.

矿浆电解是近年来新兴的一种湿法冶金技术。

3.The method dealing with the purifying residue of zinc hydrometallurgy is mainly introduced.

着重阐述湿法炼锌过程中净化渣的最佳处理方法。

4.Zinc are discussed based on the hydrometallurgy plant practice, and the improving quality of the electrodeposited zinc measure are put forward.

结合我公司湿法炼锌的生产实践，分析了电解循环液中铅对电锌质量的影响，并对全面提高电锌质量提出探索意。

5.Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans are often used in the biological hydrometallurgy.

嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌常被应用于生物湿法冶金。

6.Study the action of Sn in the production of APT by ion-exchange of hydrometallurgy.

较系统地研究了湿冶离子交换法生产仲钨酸铵工艺中杂质锡的行为。

7.Cold plasma purification and hydrometallurgy, having their own merits, were two of the most important methods to prepare low cost solar grade Silicon material.

冷等离子体提纯与湿法冶金是制造太阳级硅材料的两种重要方法。

8.The uranium ore processing technology based on the AFL process will become one of the new basic technologies of uranium hydrometallurgy.

以该法为基础的铀矿加工流程将可成为我国新一代铀水冶基本流程之一。

9.The process of hydrometallurgy is essential for extracting metals from ores using aqueous solutions.

使用水溶液从矿石中提取金属的过程是水冶金至关重要的。

10.In the mining industry, hydrometallurgy is often used for the extraction of copper and gold.

在采矿行业，水冶金通常用于铜和金的提取。

11.Researchers are exploring new reagents to enhance hydrometallurgy processes.

研究人员正在探索新的试剂以增强水冶金过程。

12.Many companies are investing in hydrometallurgy to improve the efficiency of metal recovery.

许多公司正在投资于水冶金以提高金属回收的效率。

13.The environmental impact of hydrometallurgy is significantly lower compared to traditional smelting methods.

与传统冶炼方法相比，水冶金的环境影响显著较低。

作文

Hydrometallurgy is a branch of metallurgy that involves the use of aqueous solutions to extract metals from their ores or other materials. This process plays a crucial role in the mining and recycling industries, as it provides a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional pyrometallurgical methods. The term hydrometallurgy (水冶金) is derived from the Greek word 'hydro,' meaning water, and 'metallurgy,' which refers to the science of extracting metals from their ores. In this essay, we will explore the principles, processes, and advantages of hydrometallurgy (水冶金) in modern metal extraction.The basic principle of hydrometallurgy (水冶金) is to dissolve valuable metals from ores or concentrates using suitable chemical reagents in a solution. This method typically involves three main stages: leaching, separation, and recovery. During the leaching stage, the ore is treated with a solvent—often an acid or alkali—that selectively dissolves the desired metal ions while leaving behind the unwanted materials. For example, copper can be effectively extracted from its ore using sulfuric acid, which forms a soluble copper sulfate solution.Once the metal ions are dissolved, the next step is separation. This stage may involve various techniques such as precipitation, solvent extraction, or ion exchange. These methods help to separate the target metal from the solution and concentrate it for further processing. For instance, in the case of copper, iron can be removed from the solution through precipitation, allowing for a higher purity of copper to be recovered.The final stage of hydrometallurgy (水冶金) is recovery, where the concentrated metal ions are converted back into solid metal form. This can be achieved through electrolysis or other reduction processes. In electrolysis, an electric current is passed through the solution, causing the metal ions to deposit onto an electrode, resulting in pure metal that can be collected and utilized.One of the significant advantages of hydrometallurgy (水冶金) is its lower environmental impact compared to traditional methods. Pyrometallurgical processes often require high temperatures and extensive energy consumption, leading to significant greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants. In contrast, hydrometallurgy (水冶金) can often be conducted at ambient temperatures and pressures, reducing energy requirements and minimizing harmful emissions. Additionally, the use of aqueous solutions allows for better control over the chemical reactions involved, leading to improved efficiency and selectivity in metal recovery.Moreover, hydrometallurgy (水冶金) is particularly beneficial for extracting metals from low-grade ores or secondary sources, such as electronic waste. As the demand for precious metals like gold, silver, and rare earth elements continues to rise, the ability to recover these metals from unconventional sources becomes increasingly important. By utilizing hydrometallurgy (水冶金), industries can not only meet the growing demand for metals but also contribute to sustainable practices by recycling valuable materials that would otherwise be discarded.In conclusion, hydrometallurgy (水冶金) is an essential technique in modern metallurgy that offers numerous advantages over traditional extraction methods. Its environmentally friendly nature, efficiency in recovering metals from low-grade sources, and ability to recycle electronic waste make it a vital process in today's resource-constrained world. As technology continues to advance, the role of hydrometallurgy (水冶金) will likely expand, paving the way for more sustainable metal extraction practices that benefit both industry and the environment.

水冶金是冶金学的一个分支，涉及使用水溶液从矿石或其他材料中提取金属。这个过程在采矿和回收行业中起着至关重要的作用，因为它提供了一种更环保的替代传统的高温冶金方法。术语hydrometallurgy（水冶金）源自希腊词“hydro”，意为水，以及“metallurgy”，指的是从矿石中提取金属的科学。在这篇文章中，我们将探讨hydrometallurgy（水冶金）的原理、过程和现代金属提取中的优势。hydrometallurgy（水冶金）的基本原理是使用合适的化学试剂在溶液中溶解矿石或浓缩物中的有价值金属。这种方法通常涉及三个主要阶段：浸出、分离和回收。在浸出阶段，矿石与溶剂（通常是酸或碱）处理，选择性地溶解所需的金属离子，同时留下不需要的材料。例如，铜可以有效地从其矿石中提取，使用硫酸形成可溶的硫酸铜溶液。一旦金属离子被溶解，下一步是分离。这个阶段可能涉及各种技术，如沉淀、溶剂萃取或离子交换。这些方法有助于从溶液中分离目标金属并浓缩以便进一步处理。例如，在铜的情况下，可以通过沉淀去除溶液中的铁，从而获得更高纯度的铜。hydrometallurgy（水冶金）的最后阶段是回收，其中浓缩的金属离子转化为固体金属形式。这可以通过电解或其他还原过程实现。在电解中，电流通过溶液，使金属离子沉积到电极上，从而获得可以收集和利用的纯金属。hydrometallurgy（水冶金）的一个重大优势是其对环境的影响较低，相对于传统方法而言。高温冶金过程通常需要高温和大量能量消耗，导致显著的温室气体排放和其他污染物。相比之下，hydrometallurgy（水冶金）通常可以在常温常压下进行，降低了能源需求，最小化了有害排放。此外，使用水溶液可以更好地控制涉及的化学反应，提高金属回收的效率和选择性。此外，hydrometallurgy（水冶金）在从低品位矿石或二次来源（如电子废物）中提取金属方面尤其有利。随着对黄金、白银和稀土元素等贵金属的需求不断上升，从非常规来源回收这些金属的能力变得越来越重要。通过利用hydrometallurgy（水冶金），各行业不仅可以满足对金属日益增长的需求，还可以通过回收本应被丢弃的宝贵材料来促进可持续实践。总之，hydrometallurgy（水冶金）是现代冶金中一项重要的技术，提供了相对于传统提取方法的众多优势。其环保特性、从低品位来源中回收金属的效率以及回收电子废物的能力，使其成为当今资源紧张世界中的重要过程。随着技术的不断进步，hydrometallurgy（水冶金）的作用可能会扩大，为更多可持续的金属提取实践铺平道路，造福工业和环境。