mach number

简明释义

马赫数

英英释义

例句

1.The fighter jet reached a mach number of 2.5 during the test flight.

这架战斗机在测试飞行中达到了马赫数2.5。

2.At mach number 1, an aircraft is traveling at the speed of sound.

在马赫数1时，飞机的速度等于音速。

3.The engineers calculated the mach number to ensure the aircraft's stability at high speeds.

工程师们计算了马赫数以确保飞机在高速下的稳定性。

4.A commercial airliner typically flies at a mach number of around 0.85.

商业客机通常以约马赫数0.85的速度飞行。

5.Supersonic flights are defined as those exceeding mach number 1.

超音速飞行被定义为超过马赫数1的飞行。

作文

The concept of the Mach number is fundamental in the field of aerodynamics and fluid dynamics. It is defined as the ratio of the speed of an object to the speed of sound in the surrounding medium. This measurement plays a crucial role in determining how an object behaves as it moves through air or any other fluid. Understanding the Mach number is essential for engineers and scientists, especially when designing aircraft, rockets, and other vehicles that travel at high speeds.At sea level, the speed of sound is approximately 343 meters per second (or about 1235 kilometers per hour). When an object travels at a Mach number of 1, it is moving at this speed. If it travels faster than this, say at a Mach number of 2, it means it is moving at twice the speed of sound. Conversely, a Mach number less than 1 indicates subsonic speeds, while a Mach number greater than 1 indicates supersonic speeds.The significance of the Mach number extends beyond just speed; it also affects the aerodynamic properties of an object. As an aircraft approaches the speed of sound, compressibility effects become significant. This means that the air pressure and density around the aircraft change dramatically, leading to phenomena such as shock waves. These shock waves can cause increased drag and instability, which engineers must account for when designing high-speed aircraft.For instance, commercial jets typically fly at a Mach number of around 0.85, which is considered subsonic but close to the speed of sound. In contrast, military jets and supersonic transports like the Concorde operated at Mach numbers greater than 1. The design of these aircraft must include features that can withstand the stresses caused by traveling at such high speeds, including specialized wing shapes and materials capable of handling extreme temperatures.Moreover, the Mach number is not just relevant in aviation; it is equally important in the field of rocketry. Rockets often travel at hypersonic speeds, which are defined as speeds exceeding Mach number 5. At these speeds, the physics involved changes significantly, requiring advanced technology and materials to ensure safety and performance.In addition to its practical applications, the Mach number also serves as a fascinating subject of study in physics. Researchers explore how different Mach numbers affect the behavior of fluids, leading to insights that can improve various technologies, from energy generation to environmental science.In conclusion, the Mach number is a crucial concept in understanding the dynamics of objects moving through fluids. Its implications span across various fields, including aerodynamics, engineering, and physics. As technology advances, particularly in aerospace and defense, the importance of accurately measuring and understanding the Mach number will continue to grow, influencing the design and operation of future vehicles. Whether it is a commercial airplane cruising at a comfortable altitude or a rocket soaring into space, the Mach number remains a key factor in ensuring efficiency, safety, and performance in high-speed travel.

“马赫数”这一概念在空气动力学和流体动力学领域至关重要。它被定义为物体速度与周围介质中声速的比率。这一测量在确定物体在空气或其他流体中移动时的行为方面发挥着关键作用。理解“马赫数”对工程师和科学家尤其重要，尤其是在设计飞机、火箭和其他高速行驶的交通工具时。在海平面上，声速大约是每秒343米（或每小时约1235公里）。当一个物体以“马赫数”为1移动时，它正以这个速度行驶。如果它以“马赫数”为2的速度行驶，这意味着它的速度是声速的两倍。相反，“马赫数”小于1表示亚音速，而大于1则表示超音速。“马赫数”的重要性不仅仅在于速度；它还影响物体的空气动力学特性。当飞机接近声速时，压缩效应变得显著。这意味着包围飞机的空气压力和密度发生剧烈变化，导致冲击波等现象。这些冲击波可能导致阻力和不稳定性增加，工程师必须在设计高速飞机时考虑这些因素。例如，商用喷气机通常以约0.85的“马赫数”飞行，这被认为是亚音速，但接近声速。相比之下，军用喷气机和超音速运输机如协和号的“马赫数”超过1。这些飞机的设计必须包括能够承受高速旅行所带来的压力的特征，包括专门的机翼形状和能够应对极端温度的材料。此外，“马赫数”不仅在航空领域相关；在火箭领域也同样重要。火箭通常以超过“马赫数”5的超音速速度飞行。在这些速度下，涉及的物理学发生显著变化，需要先进的技术和材料来确保安全和性能。除了实际应用外，“马赫数”也是物理学研究中的一个迷人主题。研究人员探讨不同“马赫数”如何影响流体的行为，从而获得改进各种技术的见解，从能源生成到环境科学。总之，“马赫数”是理解物体在流体中运动动态的关键概念。它的影响跨越多个领域，包括空气动力学、工程学和物理学。随着技术的进步，特别是在航空航天和国防领域，准确测量和理解“马赫数”的重要性将继续增长，影响未来交通工具的设计和操作。无论是舒适高度巡航的商用飞机，还是飞向太空的火箭，“马赫数”仍然是确保高速旅行效率、安全性和性能的关键因素。