limit of proportionality

简明释义

比例极限

英英释义

例句

1.When a material is stretched beyond its limit of proportionality, it will not return to its original shape.

当材料被拉伸超过其比例极限时，它将无法恢复到原来的形状。

2.Engineers must consider the limit of proportionality when designing structures to ensure safety.

工程师在设计结构时必须考虑比例极限以确保安全。

3.Once the limit of proportionality is exceeded, the material may undergo permanent deformation.

一旦超过比例极限，材料可能会发生永久变形。

4.In physics, the limit of proportionality defines the point where stress no longer produces a proportional strain.

在物理学中，比例极限定义了应力不再产生成比例应变的点。

5.The limit of proportionality is crucial for understanding the elastic behavior of materials.

比例极限对于理解材料的弹性行为至关重要。

作文

The concept of the limit of proportionality is fundamental in the study of materials and their behavior under stress. In physics and engineering, this term refers to the maximum extent to which a material can be deformed elastically. Beyond this point, any additional stress will result in permanent deformation. Understanding the limit of proportionality is crucial for designing structures that can withstand various forces without failing. For example, when engineers design a bridge, they must consider the materials used and their limit of proportionality to ensure safety and longevity. The limit of proportionality is often illustrated through a stress-strain curve, which plots the relationship between the stress applied to a material and the resulting strain (deformation). Initially, as stress increases, the strain also increases linearly; this linear portion of the graph indicates that the material is behaving elastically. However, once the stress reaches the limit of proportionality, the curve begins to deviate from linearity, signaling that the material is entering the plastic deformation stage. This means that if the stress is removed, the material will not return to its original shape, which is a critical consideration in material selection and engineering design.In practical applications, knowing the limit of proportionality allows engineers to select appropriate materials for specific tasks. For instance, steel has a high limit of proportionality, making it an excellent choice for construction. On the other hand, rubber has a lower limit of proportionality, which is why it is used in applications where flexibility and elasticity are more important than structural strength. Moreover, the limit of proportionality varies significantly among different materials. Metals typically have a well-defined limit of proportionality, while polymers may exhibit a more gradual transition from elastic to plastic behavior. This variability necessitates thorough testing and analysis during the material selection process to ensure that the chosen material will perform adequately under expected loads. In conclusion, the limit of proportionality is a vital concept in understanding the mechanical properties of materials. It serves as a guideline for engineers and designers to ensure that structures can endure applied stresses without undergoing irreversible changes. By comprehending the limit of proportionality, we can make informed decisions about material choices, leading to safer and more efficient designs in engineering and architecture. As we continue to innovate and push the boundaries of technology, the importance of understanding these fundamental principles remains paramount.

比例极限的概念在材料及其在应力下的行为研究中至关重要。在物理学和工程学中，这个术语指的是材料可以弹性变形的最大程度。超过这个点，任何额外的应力都会导致永久变形。理解比例极限对于设计能够承受各种力量而不失败的结构至关重要。例如，当工程师设计桥梁时，他们必须考虑所用材料及其比例极限，以确保安全和耐久性。比例极限通常通过应力-应变曲线来说明，该曲线绘制了施加于材料的应力与由此产生的应变（变形）之间的关系。最初，随着应力的增加，应变也线性增加；这条图的线性部分表明材料表现出弹性。然而，一旦应力达到比例极限，曲线开始偏离线性，表明材料进入塑性变形阶段。这意味着如果应力被移除，材料将不会恢复到其原始形状，这在材料选择和工程设计中是一个关键考虑因素。在实际应用中，了解比例极限使工程师能够为特定任务选择合适的材料。例如，钢材具有较高的比例极限，使其成为建筑的优秀选择。另一方面，橡胶的比例极限较低，这就是为什么它用于灵活性和弹性比结构强度更重要的应用。此外，不同材料的比例极限差异显著。金属通常具有明确的比例极限，而聚合物可能表现出从弹性到塑性行为的更渐进的过渡。这种变异性需要在材料选择过程中进行彻底的测试和分析，以确保所选材料在预期负载下能够充分发挥作用。总之，比例极限是理解材料机械性能的一个重要概念。它作为工程师和设计师确保结构能承受施加的应力而不会发生不可逆变化的指导方针。通过理解比例极限，我们可以对材料选择做出明智的决策，从而在工程和建筑中实现更安全、更高效的设计。随着我们不断创新并推动技术的边界，理解这些基本原则的重要性仍然至关重要。