isentropic change

简明释义

等熵变化

英英释义

例句

1.In thermodynamics, an ideal gas undergoes an isentropic change 绝热变化 when it expands without heat exchange.

在热力学中，当理想气体在没有热量交换的情况下膨胀时，会经历一个isentropic change 绝热变化。

2.The efficiency of a turbine can be calculated by comparing the actual process to the isentropic change 绝热变化 for the same inlet conditions.

通过将实际过程与相同进气条件下的isentropic change 绝热变化进行比较，可以计算出涡轮的效率。

3.When analyzing the performance of compressors, engineers often assume isentropic change 绝热变化 for simplification.

在分析压缩机性能时，工程师通常假设发生isentropic change 绝热变化以简化计算。

4.The isentropic change 绝热变化 is a key concept in understanding the Carnot cycle.

理解卡诺循环的关键概念是isentropic change 绝热变化。

5.During an isentropic change 绝热变化, the entropy of the system remains constant.

在isentropic change 绝热变化过程中，系统的熵保持不变。

作文

In the study of thermodynamics, one of the key concepts that engineers and scientists frequently encounter is the idea of an isentropic change. An isentropic change refers to a process that is both adiabatic and reversible. This means that during this type of change, there is no heat transfer into or out of the system, and the process can be reversed without any increase in entropy. Understanding isentropic changes is crucial for analyzing various thermodynamic cycles, particularly in applications such as gas turbines, refrigeration systems, and engines. To comprehend the significance of isentropic changes, it is essential to first grasp the laws of thermodynamics. The second law states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time. In practical terms, this implies that real processes are irreversible and lead to an increase in entropy. However, when we consider an isentropic change, we are looking at an idealized scenario where the process is perfectly efficient. This idealization allows engineers to simplify calculations and improve system designs by assuming that certain processes can be approximated as isentropic. For instance, in a gas turbine, the expansion of gas through the turbine blades can be modeled as an isentropic change. If we assume that the process is adiabatic and reversible, we can use the concept of isentropic efficiency to evaluate the performance of the turbine. The isentropic efficiency is the ratio of the actual work output of the turbine to the work output that would be achieved if the process were isentropic. This comparison helps engineers identify losses due to friction, turbulence, and other irreversibilities that occur in real systems. Moreover, the isentropic change is not limited to turbines; it also plays a critical role in compressors, nozzles, and heat exchangers. For example, in a compressor, air is typically compressed through an isentropic process to increase its pressure and temperature. By analyzing the isentropic change, engineers can determine the power required for the compression and optimize the design for energy efficiency. Similarly, in nozzles, the expansion of gases can be approximated as isentropic, allowing for the calculation of exit velocities and thrust in jet propulsion applications. In conclusion, the concept of isentropic change is fundamental in thermodynamics, serving as a benchmark for evaluating the efficiency of various systems. By understanding and applying the principles of isentropic changes, engineers can enhance the performance of machines and systems, leading to more sustainable and efficient technologies. While real-world processes may never achieve perfect isentropic changes, striving towards this ideal provides valuable insights into how we can minimize energy losses and improve overall system efficiency. As technology continues to evolve, the relevance of isentropic changes will remain significant in the pursuit of innovation and excellence in engineering.

在热力学的研究中，工程师和科学家经常遇到的一个关键概念是“绝热等熵变化”的概念。“绝热等熵变化”指的是一种既是绝热又是可逆的过程。这意味着在这种类型的变化中，系统内外没有热量转移，并且该过程可以在不增加熵的情况下被逆转。理解“绝热等熵变化”对于分析各种热力学循环至关重要，特别是在燃气涡轮、制冷系统和发动机等应用中。要理解“绝热等熵变化”的重要性，首先必须掌握热力学定律。第二定律指出，孤立系统的总熵在时间上永远不会减少。从实际角度来看，这意味着真实过程是不可逆的，并导致熵的增加。然而，当我们考虑“绝热等熵变化”时，我们在看一个理想化的场景，其中过程是完全有效的。这种理想化使工程师能够简化计算并改善系统设计，假设某些过程可以近似为“绝热等熵”。例如，在燃气涡轮中，气体通过涡轮叶片的膨胀可以建模为“绝热等熵变化”。如果我们假设过程是绝热且可逆的，我们可以使用“绝热效率”的概念来评估涡轮的性能。“绝热效率”是涡轮实际输出的功与如果过程是“绝热等熵”时将实现的功的比率。这种比较帮助工程师识别由于摩擦、湍流和其他在真实系统中发生的不可逆性而造成的损失。此外，“绝热等熵变化”不仅限于涡轮；它在压缩机、喷嘴和换热器中也起着至关重要的作用。例如，在压缩机中，空气通常通过“绝热过程”被压缩，以提高其压力和温度。通过分析“绝热等熵变化”，工程师可以确定压缩所需的功，并优化设计以提高能效。类似地，在喷嘴中，气体的膨胀可以近似为“绝热等熵”，从而允许计算出口速度和喷气推进应用中的推力。总之，“绝热等熵变化”的概念在热力学中是基础，为评估各种系统的效率提供了基准。通过理解和应用“绝热等熵变化”的原理，工程师可以提高机器和系统的性能，从而实现更可持续和高效的技术。尽管现实世界的过程可能永远无法实现完美的“绝热等熵变化”，但朝着这一理想努力提供了宝贵的见解，让我们可以最小化能量损失，提高整体系统效率。随着技术的不断发展，“绝热等熵变化”的相关性将在追求创新和卓越的工程中保持重要。