impact toughness

简明释义

冲坏

英英释义

例句

1.Materials with high impact toughness are preferred for construction in earthquake-prone areas.

在地震频发地区，优先选择具有高冲击韧性的材料进行建设。

2.The engineer emphasized the importance of impact toughness in ensuring the safety of the bridge under extreme weather conditions.

工程师强调了在极端天气条件下，确保桥梁安全的冲击韧性的重要性。

3.The team conducted tests to measure the impact toughness of different alloys used in aerospace applications.

团队进行了测试，以测量用于航空航天应用的不同合金的冲击韧性。

4.In the automotive industry, impact toughness is crucial for ensuring passenger safety during collisions.

在汽车工业中，冲击韧性对于确保乘客在碰撞中的安全至关重要。

5.A low impact toughness can lead to catastrophic failures in structural components.

低冲击韧性可能导致结构部件的灾难性故障。

作文

Impact toughness is a crucial property of materials, particularly in engineering and construction. It refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy during deformation and resist fracture when subjected to sudden forces or impacts. In many applications, such as in the manufacture of safety equipment, vehicles, and structural components, understanding and measuring impact toughness (冲击韧性) is essential for ensuring reliability and safety. When engineers design structures or select materials, they must consider various mechanical properties, including strength, ductility, and toughness. Among these, impact toughness (冲击韧性) stands out because it directly correlates with how a material behaves under unexpected loads. For instance, in the construction of bridges, engineers often choose steel with high impact toughness (冲击韧性) to withstand the dynamic forces exerted by vehicles and environmental factors, such as wind or earthquakes. Materials with low impact toughness (冲击韧性) can fail catastrophically under impact, leading to severe consequences. For example, brittle materials like certain ceramics or glass can shatter upon impact, while tougher materials like certain steels can deform without breaking. This difference highlights the importance of selecting materials with appropriate impact toughness (冲击韧性) for specific applications. Testing for impact toughness (冲击韧性) typically involves standardized methods, such as the Charpy or Izod tests, where a notched specimen is struck by a pendulum hammer. The amount of energy absorbed by the specimen before fracturing is measured, providing a quantitative value for its toughness. A higher energy absorption indicates greater impact toughness (冲击韧性), making the material more suitable for applications where impact resistance is critical. In addition to its role in material selection, impact toughness (冲击韧性) also plays a significant role in the development of new materials. Researchers are constantly exploring ways to enhance the toughness of materials through alloying, heat treatment, or composite design. By improving impact toughness (冲击韧性), manufacturers can create lighter, stronger, and more durable products that meet the demands of modern engineering challenges. Moreover, understanding impact toughness (冲击韧性) is not only limited to traditional materials like metals but also extends to polymers and composites. For instance, in the automotive industry, lightweight composite materials are increasingly used to improve fuel efficiency while maintaining safety standards. These materials must exhibit sufficient impact toughness (冲击韧性) to ensure that they can withstand the forces experienced during accidents. In conclusion, impact toughness (冲击韧性) is a vital aspect of material science and engineering that affects the safety and performance of various products. As technology advances, the need for materials with high impact toughness (冲击韧性) continues to grow, prompting ongoing research and innovation in this field. By prioritizing impact toughness (冲击韧性) in material selection and development, engineers can help create safer, more efficient structures and products that enhance our quality of life.

冲击韧性是材料的一个关键特性，特别是在工程和建筑领域。它指的是材料在变形过程中吸收能量并抵抗在突发力量或冲击下断裂的能力。在许多应用中，例如安全设备、车辆和结构组件的制造，理解和测量冲击韧性（impact toughness）对于确保可靠性和安全性至关重要。当工程师设计结构或选择材料时，必须考虑各种机械性能，包括强度、延展性和韧性。在这些特性中，冲击韧性（impact toughness）显得尤为重要，因为它与材料在意外载荷下的表现直接相关。例如，在桥梁的建设中，工程师通常选择具有高冲击韧性（impact toughness）的钢材，以承受由车辆和环境因素（如风或地震）施加的动态力量。低冲击韧性（impact toughness）的材料在冲击下可能会发生灾难性故障，导致严重后果。例如，某些陶瓷或玻璃等脆性材料在冲击时可能会破碎，而某些钢材等韧性材料则可以在不破裂的情况下变形。这种差异突显了为特定应用选择具有适当冲击韧性（impact toughness）材料的重要性。对冲击韧性（impact toughness）的测试通常涉及标准化方法，如夏比或伊佐德测试，其中一个带缺口的样本被摆锤击打。测量样本在断裂前吸收的能量，从而提供其韧性的定量值。更高的能量吸收表示更大的冲击韧性（impact toughness），使材料更适合在冲击抗性至关重要的应用中使用。除了在材料选择中的作用外，冲击韧性（impact toughness）在新材料的开发中也发挥着重要作用。研究人员不断探索通过合金化、热处理或复合材料设计来提高材料的韧性。通过改善冲击韧性（impact toughness），制造商可以创造出更轻、更强、更耐用的产品，以满足现代工程挑战的需求。此外，理解冲击韧性（impact toughness）不仅限于传统材料如金属，还扩展到聚合物和复合材料。例如，在汽车工业中，轻质复合材料越来越多地用于提高燃油效率，同时保持安全标准。这些材料必须表现出足够的冲击韧性（impact toughness），以确保它们能够承受在事故中经历的力量。总之，冲击韧性（impact toughness）是材料科学和工程的一个重要方面，影响着各种产品的安全性和性能。随着技术的进步，对具有高冲击韧性（impact toughness）材料的需求持续增长，促使该领域的持续研究和创新。通过在材料选择和开发中优先考虑冲击韧性（impact toughness），工程师可以帮助创造出更安全、更高效的结构和产品，从而提升我们的生活质量。