hydraulic jump

简明释义

水跃

英英释义

例句

1.The design of spillways must account for potential hydraulic jumps 水力跃升 to prevent erosion.

溢洪道的设计必须考虑潜在的水力跃升以防止侵蚀。

2.The engineer explained how a hydraulic jump 水力跃升 occurs when the flow velocity changes suddenly.

工程师解释了当流速突然变化时如何发生水力跃升。

3.During the flood simulation, we observed several hydraulic jumps 水力跃升 downstream of the dam.

在洪水模拟过程中，我们观察到大坝下游发生了几处水力跃升。

4.The research focused on the energy dissipation characteristics of hydraulic jumps 水力跃升 in various channel shapes.

研究重点是不同渠型中水力跃升的能量消散特性。

5.In open channel flow, a hydraulic jump 水力跃升 can significantly affect water surface profiles.

在开口渠道流动中，水力跃升会显著影响水面轮廓。

作文

The phenomenon known as a hydraulic jump occurs when flowing water transitions from a high-velocity, low-energy state to a low-velocity, high-energy state. This fascinating occurrence is often observed in open channel flows, where water moves over a surface, such as a river or a spillway. Understanding the mechanics of a hydraulic jump is crucial for engineers and environmental scientists alike, as it plays a significant role in various hydraulic structures and natural waterways.When water flows rapidly and then suddenly encounters a change in depth or slope, a hydraulic jump can form. This transition is characterized by a sudden increase in water depth and a decrease in flow velocity. The energy associated with the flowing water does not disappear; rather, it is transformed into turbulence and kinetic energy, which can be harnessed for various applications, such as energy generation or flood control.There are two main types of hydraulic jumps: the submerged jump and the free jump. In a submerged jump, the jump occurs below the water surface, while in a free jump, the water cascades over a drop and creates a visible jump above the surface. Each type presents unique challenges and opportunities for engineering solutions. For instance, understanding the behavior of a hydraulic jump is essential for designing spillways that can safely direct excess water away from dams during heavy rainfall.In addition to their importance in engineering, hydraulic jumps also have ecological implications. These jumps create turbulent zones in rivers, which can enhance oxygen transfer and support diverse aquatic life. Fish, for example, often use these areas to rest and feed, benefiting from the increased oxygen levels that result from the turbulent flow. Thus, preserving natural hydraulic jumps is vital for maintaining healthy river ecosystems.Moreover, the study of hydraulic jumps extends beyond the immediate effects on water flow and ecology. Researchers also investigate how these phenomena can influence sediment transport and river morphology. When a hydraulic jump occurs, it can erode the riverbed and banks, leading to changes in the landscape over time. Understanding these processes is essential for effective river management and conservation efforts.In conclusion, the hydraulic jump is a critical concept in fluid dynamics that encompasses both physical and ecological dimensions. Its significance in engineering, ecology, and geomorphology cannot be overstated. As we continue to study and understand hydraulic jumps, we can better manage our water resources, protect aquatic ecosystems, and design more effective hydraulic structures. Whether in nature or human-made systems, the hydraulic jump remains a captivating subject worthy of further exploration and appreciation.

所谓的水力跳跃现象发生在流动的水从高速、低能状态转变为低速、高能状态时。这一迷人的现象通常在开放通道流中观察到，水在河流或溢洪道等表面上流动。理解水力跳跃的机制对工程师和环境科学家来说至关重要，因为它在各种水利结构和自然水道中发挥着重要作用。当水快速流动并突然遇到深度或斜率的变化时，就会形成水力跳跃。这种过渡的特征是水深的突然增加和流速的降低。与流动水相关的能量并没有消失，而是转化为湍流和动能，这可以用于各种应用，例如能源生成或防洪。水力跳跃主要有两种类型：淹没跳跃和自由跳跃。在淹没跳跃中，跳跃发生在水面以下，而在自由跳跃中，水越过一个落差并在水面上形成可见的跳跃。每种类型都带来了独特的挑战和工程解决方案的机会。例如，理解水力跳跃的行为对于设计溢洪道至关重要，以安全地将暴雨期间的多余水引导远离大坝。除了在工程中的重要性外，水力跳跃还具有生态意义。这些跳跃在河流中创造了湍流区，增强了氧气转移并支持多样的水生生命。例如，鱼类通常利用这些区域来休息和觅食，受益于湍流流动所带来的氧气水平的提高。因此，保护自然的水力跳跃对于维持健康的河流生态系统至关重要。此外，水力跳跃的研究不仅限于对水流和生态的直接影响。研究人员还调查这些现象如何影响沉积物运输和河流形态。当发生水力跳跃时，它可能会侵蚀河床和河岸，导致随着时间的推移而改变景观。理解这些过程对有效的河流管理和保护工作至关重要。总之，水力跳跃是流体动力学中的一个关键概念，涵盖了物理和生态两个维度。其在工程、生态和地貌学中的重要性不容小觑。随着我们继续研究和理解水力跳跃，我们可以更好地管理水资源，保护水生生态系统，并设计更有效的水利结构。无论是在自然界还是人造系统中，水力跳跃仍然是一个值得进一步探索和欣赏的迷人主题。