heat of sublimation

简明释义

升华热

英英释义

例句

1.When snow disappears on a sunny day, it is due to the heat of sublimation (升华热), turning solid ice directly into vapor.

当阳光明媚的日子里雪消失时，是由于升华热使固态冰直接转化为蒸汽。

2.Calculating the heat of sublimation (升华热) helps chemists understand how much energy is needed for a substance to change from solid to gas.

计算升华热帮助化学家理解物质从固态变为气态所需的能量。

3.The process of dry ice turning into gas involves the release of the heat of sublimation (升华热), which is why it feels cold.

干冰变成气体的过程涉及到释放升华热，这就是为什么它感觉很冷。

4.In a laboratory, understanding the heat of sublimation (升华热) of various substances can help in designing efficient cooling systems.

在实验室中，了解各种物质的升华热可以帮助设计高效的冷却系统。

5.The heat of sublimation (升华热) of iodine is crucial for its use in certain chemical reactions.

碘的升华热对于其在某些化学反应中的使用至关重要。

作文

Sublimation is a fascinating physical process that occurs when a solid transitions directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. This phenomenon is commonly observed in substances like dry ice, which is solid carbon dioxide. One of the key concepts associated with sublimation is the heat of sublimation, which refers to the amount of energy required to convert a unit mass of a solid into a gas at constant temperature and pressure. Understanding the heat of sublimation is crucial for various scientific and industrial applications, including refrigeration, atmospheric science, and material science.The heat of sublimation is an endothermic process, meaning that it requires the absorption of heat energy from the surroundings. When a solid undergoes sublimation, it absorbs this energy, which allows the molecules to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them together in the solid state. As these forces are broken, the solid transforms into vapor. For example, when dry ice is exposed to room temperature, it absorbs heat from the environment, resulting in the sublimation of carbon dioxide gas. This transformation is not only interesting but also useful; the cold produced by sublimation is often utilized for preserving perishable items or creating fog effects in theatrical productions.In terms of measurement, the heat of sublimation can be quantified using calorimetry or obtained from thermodynamic tables. The values vary for different substances and are influenced by factors such as temperature and pressure. For instance, the heat of sublimation for water is significantly higher than that for dry ice, reflecting the stronger hydrogen bonds present in water molecules. This difference illustrates how molecular structure impacts the energy required for phase changes.Moreover, the heat of sublimation plays an essential role in understanding the behavior of materials under varying environmental conditions. In atmospheric science, for example, sublimation can affect weather patterns and climate. When snow or ice sublimates in polar regions, it contributes to the water vapor in the atmosphere, influencing precipitation and temperature dynamics. Hence, studying the heat of sublimation helps scientists predict weather changes and understand climate phenomena.In conclusion, the concept of heat of sublimation is integral to both theoretical and practical aspects of science. It not only provides insights into the physical properties of substances but also enhances our understanding of natural processes. By grasping the significance of the heat of sublimation, we can better appreciate the complexities of phase transitions and their implications in various fields. Whether in the laboratory or in nature, the principles underlying sublimation and its associated energy changes are fundamental to the study of chemistry and physics. As we continue to explore these concepts, we unlock new possibilities for innovation and discovery, paving the way for advancements in technology and environmental science.

升华是一个迷人的物理过程，它发生在固体直接转变为气体而不经过液态阶段时。这种现象通常在像干冰这样的物质中观察到，干冰是固态二氧化碳。与升华相关的一个关键概念是升华热，它指的是在恒定温度和压力下，将单位质量的固体转化为气体所需的能量。理解升华热对各种科学和工业应用至关重要，包括制冷、气象科学和材料科学。升华热是一个吸热过程，这意味着它需要从周围环境中吸收热能。当固体发生升华时，它吸收这种能量，使分子克服将它们保持在固态中的分子间力。当这些力被打破时，固体转变为蒸气。例如，当干冰暴露在室温下时，它从环境中吸收热量，导致二氧化碳气体的升华。这种转变不仅有趣，而且非常有用；升华产生的寒冷通常用于保存易腐烂的物品或在戏剧制作中制造雾效。在测量方面，升华热可以通过量热法进行量化，或从热力学表中获得。不同物质的值各不相同，并受到温度和压力等因素的影响。例如，水的升华热显著高于干冰，反映出水分子间存在更强的氢键。这种差异说明了分子结构如何影响相变所需的能量。此外，升华热在理解材料在不同环境条件下的行为中发挥着重要作用。在气象科学中，例如，升华可以影响天气模式和气候。当极地地区的雪或冰升华时，它会增加大气中的水蒸气，从而影响降水和温度动态。因此，研究升华热帮助科学家预测天气变化并理解气候现象。总之，升华热的概念在科学的理论和实践方面都是不可或缺的。它不仅提供了对物质物理特性的洞察，还增强了我们对自然过程的理解。通过掌握升华热的重要性，我们可以更好地欣赏相变的复杂性及其在各个领域的影响。无论是在实验室还是在自然界，升华及其相关能量变化背后的原理对于化学和物理学的研究都是基础。随着我们继续探索这些概念，我们开启了创新和发现的新可能性，为技术和环境科学的进步铺平了道路。