fractional distillation

简明释义

分馏

英英释义

例句

1.The process of fractional distillation is commonly used in oil refineries to separate different hydrocarbons.

在石油炼制厂中，分馏过程通常用于分离不同的烃类。

2.To separate ethanol from water, we can use fractional distillation because of their different boiling points.

为了将乙醇从水中分离，我们可以使用分馏，因为它们的沸点不同。

3.The fractional distillation of crude oil yields gasoline, kerosene, and diesel.

原油的分馏产生汽油、煤油和柴油。

4.During the fractional distillation process, different components are collected at various temperatures.

在分馏过程中，不同的成分在不同的温度下被收集。

5.In the lab, we employed fractional distillation to purify the organic compounds from the mixture.

在实验室中，我们采用了分馏来从混合物中纯化有机化合物。

作文

Fractional distillation is a widely used technique in the field of chemistry and chemical engineering, particularly for separating mixtures of liquids with different boiling points. This process is essential in various industries, including petroleum refining, alcohol production, and the manufacturing of chemicals. Understanding fractional distillation (分馏) is crucial for anyone studying or working in these fields, as it plays a significant role in producing high-purity substances.The principle behind fractional distillation (分馏) is based on the differences in boiling points of the components in a mixture. When a liquid mixture is heated, the component with the lowest boiling point vaporizes first. This vapor can then be captured and condensed back into a liquid form, effectively separating it from the rest of the mixture. The remaining liquid in the distillation flask can be heated further to vaporize the next component, and this process continues until all desired components have been separated.One of the key advantages of fractional distillation (分馏) is its ability to separate complex mixtures into their individual components with high efficiency. For instance, in the petroleum industry, crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that requires separation into various useful products such as gasoline, diesel, and kerosene. Through fractional distillation (分馏), these components can be isolated and refined to meet specific quality standards.The equipment used for fractional distillation (分馏) typically includes a distillation column, which is filled with packing material or trays that provide surface area for vapor-liquid contact. This design allows for multiple vaporization and condensation cycles to occur within the column, enhancing the separation process. The more efficient the column, the better the separation of components with close boiling points.In addition to its industrial applications, fractional distillation (分馏) is also an important technique in laboratory settings. Chemists often use this method to purify solvents or to isolate specific compounds from reaction mixtures. By understanding the principles of fractional distillation (分馏), researchers can design experiments that yield high-purity products, which are essential for accurate analysis and further experimentation.Despite its many advantages, fractional distillation (分馏) does have some limitations. For example, it may not be effective for separating components with very similar boiling points, as the separation efficiency decreases in such cases. Additionally, the process can be energy-intensive, requiring careful consideration of operational costs in industrial applications.In conclusion, fractional distillation (分馏) is a fundamental technique in the separation of liquid mixtures based on differences in boiling points. Its applications span across various industries and laboratories, making it an essential concept for students and professionals in chemistry and chemical engineering. By mastering the principles and techniques of fractional distillation (分馏), individuals can contribute to advancements in the production of high-purity substances and the development of new materials.

分馏是一种广泛应用于化学和化学工程领域的技术，特别是用于分离具有不同沸点的液体混合物。这个过程在石油精炼、酒精生产和化学品制造等多个行业中至关重要。理解fractional distillation（分馏）对任何学习或从事这些领域的人来说都是至关重要的，因为它在生产高纯度物质方面发挥着重要作用。fractional distillation（分馏）的原理基于混合物中组分的沸点差异。当液体混合物被加热时，沸点最低的组分首先蒸发。这个蒸汽可以被捕获并冷凝回液态，从而有效地将其与混合物的其他部分分离。蒸馏烧瓶中的剩余液体可以进一步加热以蒸发下一个组分，这个过程持续进行，直到所有所需的组分都被分离。fractional distillation（分馏）的一个主要优点是它能够高效地将复杂混合物分离成各个组分。例如，在石油行业，原油是一种复杂的烃混合物，需要分离成多种有用产品，如汽油、柴油和煤油。通过fractional distillation（分馏），这些组分可以被隔离和精炼，以满足特定的质量标准。用于fractional distillation（分馏）的设备通常包括蒸馏塔，蒸馏塔内填充了提供气液接触表面的填料或托盘。这种设计允许蒸发和冷凝循环在塔内进行，从而增强分离过程。塔的效率越高，沸点接近的组分的分离效果就越好。除了工业应用外，fractional distillation（分馏）在实验室环境中也是一种重要的技术。化学家们常常使用这种方法来纯化溶剂或从反应混合物中分离特定化合物。通过理解fractional distillation（分馏）的原理，研究人员可以设计出能产生高纯度产品的实验，而高纯度产品对于准确分析和进一步实验至关重要。尽管有许多优点，fractional distillation（分馏）也有一些局限性。例如，对于沸点非常接近的组分，分离效率可能不高，因为这种情况下分离效果会降低。此外，该过程可能需要大量能量，因此在工业应用中需要仔细考虑运营成本。总之，fractional distillation（分馏）是一种基于沸点差异分离液体混合物的基本技术。它的应用跨越多个行业和实验室，使其成为化学和化学工程领域学生和专业人士的核心概念。通过掌握fractional distillation（分馏）的原理和技术，个人可以为高纯度物质的生产和新材料的发展做出贡献。