dielectric breakdown

简明释义

介质哗

英英释义

例句

1.The insulation material was tested for its resistance to dielectric breakdown, referred to as 介电击穿.

绝缘材料经过测试以检查其对介电击穿的抵抗力。

2.The phenomenon of dielectric breakdown is critical in designing safe electrical systems, known as 介电击穿.

在设计安全电气系统时，介电击穿现象至关重要。

3.In high-voltage applications, engineers must consider the risk of dielectric breakdown, or 介电击穿.

在高压应用中，工程师必须考虑介电击穿的风险。

4.When exposed to extreme electric fields, materials can experience dielectric breakdown, meaning 介电击穿 occurs.

当暴露于极端电场时，材料可能会经历介电击穿，这意味着发生了介电击穿。

5.The capacitor failed due to dielectric breakdown, which is known as 介电击穿.

由于发生了介电击穿，电容器失效了，这被称为介电击穿。

作文

Dielectric materials are insulators that can store electrical energy when subjected to an electric field. These materials are crucial in various applications, including capacitors, transformers, and insulation in electrical devices. However, under certain conditions, these materials can experience a phenomenon known as dielectric breakdown, which occurs when the insulating properties of the material fail, allowing current to flow through it. Understanding dielectric breakdown is essential for engineers and scientists as it can lead to catastrophic failures in electrical systems.When a dielectric material is exposed to a high enough electric field, the electrons within the atoms of the material can gain sufficient energy to escape from their atomic bonds. This process creates free charge carriers, which can lead to a sudden increase in current flow through the material. The point at which this occurs is referred to as the breakdown voltage. Beyond this voltage, the material no longer behaves as an insulator, resulting in what is termed dielectric breakdown.The consequences of dielectric breakdown can be severe. In capacitors, for example, if the dielectric material breaks down, it can cause the capacitor to short-circuit, potentially damaging the entire circuit. In power transmission lines, dielectric breakdown can lead to arcing, which not only poses safety risks but can also result in significant damage to infrastructure. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms behind dielectric breakdown is vital for designing reliable electrical systems.There are several factors that influence dielectric breakdown. One important factor is the material's composition. Different materials have varying breakdown voltages based on their molecular structure and the strength of the bonds between atoms. For instance, air has a relatively low breakdown voltage compared to solid insulators like glass or ceramics. Additionally, temperature can affect the breakdown characteristics of a dielectric material. As the temperature increases, the mobility of charge carriers also increases, which can lower the breakdown voltage.Another factor to consider is the duration of the applied electric field. If a dielectric material is subjected to a high electric field for an extended period, it may undergo aging, which can degrade its insulating properties over time. This phenomenon can lead to premature dielectric breakdown in electrical components. Engineers must account for these variables when selecting materials for specific applications to ensure safety and reliability.In recent years, research has focused on developing advanced dielectric materials that can withstand higher electric fields without experiencing dielectric breakdown. Nanomaterials and composites have shown promise in this area, potentially leading to more efficient and durable electrical devices. By enhancing our understanding of dielectric breakdown and improving material properties, we can create systems that are not only safer but also more effective in handling electrical energy.In conclusion, dielectric breakdown is a critical phenomenon that affects the performance and safety of electrical systems. By comprehensively studying the factors that contribute to dielectric breakdown, engineers can design better materials and devices that minimize the risk of failure. As technology continues to advance, the importance of understanding and managing dielectric breakdown will only grow, ensuring that our electrical infrastructure remains safe and efficient.

电介质材料是绝缘体，当施加电场时，可以储存电能。这些材料在各种应用中至关重要，包括电容器、变压器和电气设备的绝缘。然而，在某些条件下，这些材料可能会经历一种现象，称为电介质击穿，即材料的绝缘特性失效，允许电流通过。理解电介质击穿对工程师和科学家至关重要，因为这可能导致电气系统的灾难性故障。当电介质材料暴露于足够高的电场时，材料原子内的电子可以获得足够的能量以逃离其原子键。这一过程产生自由电荷载体，可能导致材料中电流的突然增加。这种情况发生的点称为击穿电压。超过此电压，材料不再表现为绝缘体，导致所谓的电介质击穿。电介质击穿的后果可能是严重的。例如，在电容器中，如果电介质材料发生击穿，可能会导致电容器短路，从而可能损坏整个电路。在电力传输线路中，电介质击穿可能导致电弧，不仅存在安全风险，还可能对基础设施造成重大损害。因此，理解电介质击穿背后的机制对于设计可靠的电气系统至关重要。影响电介质击穿的因素有几个。其中一个重要因素是材料的成分。不同材料根据其分子结构和原子之间的键强度具有不同的击穿电压。例如，空气的击穿电压相对较低，而固体绝缘体如玻璃或陶瓷的击穿电压则较高。此外，温度也会影响电介质材料的击穿特性。随着温度的升高，电荷载体的移动性也增加，这可能降低击穿电压。另一个需要考虑的因素是施加电场的持续时间。如果电介质材料长时间处于高电场下，可能会发生老化，导致其绝缘特性随时间下降。这种现象可能导致电气元件的提前电介质击穿。工程师在选择特定应用的材料时必须考虑这些变量，以确保安全和可靠。近年来，研究集中在开发能够承受更高电场而不发生电介质击穿的先进电介质材料。纳米材料和复合材料在这一领域显示出希望，可能导致更高效和耐用的电气设备。通过增强我们对电介质击穿的理解并改善材料特性，我们可以创建不仅更安全，而且在处理电能方面更有效的系统。总之，电介质击穿是影响电气系统性能和安全性的关键现象。通过全面研究导致电介质击穿的因素，工程师可以设计出更好的材料和设备，最大限度地减少故障风险。随着技术的不断进步，理解和管理电介质击穿的重要性只会增加，从而确保我们的电气基础设施保持安全和高效。