cold shortness

简明释义

冷脆性

英英释义

例句

1.The research paper discussed how cold shortness 冷脆性 affects the durability of steel under extreme conditions.

研究论文讨论了冷脆性如何影响钢材在极端条件下的耐久性。

2.The technician explained that the metal showed signs of cold shortness 冷脆性, which could lead to structural failure.

技术员解释说，该金属显示出冷脆性的迹象，这可能导致结构失效。

3.To prevent cold shortness 冷脆性, it's essential to choose the right materials for cold environments.

为了防止冷脆性，选择适合寒冷环境的材料至关重要。

4.During the inspection, we found that the welds had cold shortness 冷脆性, making them susceptible to cracking.

在检查过程中，我们发现焊缝有冷脆性，使其易于开裂。

5.The engineer warned that using the wrong alloy could result in cold shortness 冷脆性 during low-temperature operations.

工程师警告说，使用错误的合金可能会导致低温操作时出现冷脆性。

作文

In the realm of materials science, various terms describe the properties and behaviors of metals under different conditions. One such term is cold shortness, which refers to a phenomenon where certain metals become brittle and lose their ductility at lower temperatures. This property is particularly significant in the manufacturing and construction industries, where the performance of materials can be critically affected by temperature fluctuations. Understanding cold shortness is essential for engineers and designers to ensure the safety and reliability of structures and products. When metals are subjected to cold temperatures, their atomic structure can change, leading to increased brittleness. For instance, if a steel alloy exhibits cold shortness, it may fracture or break under stress rather than bending or deforming as one would expect from a ductile material. This behavior can result in catastrophic failures, especially in applications such as bridges, buildings, and machinery that operate in cold environments. Therefore, recognizing the potential for cold shortness is crucial during the selection of materials for specific applications.One of the primary causes of cold shortness is the presence of impurities within the metal. Certain elements, such as sulfur, can significantly affect the ductility of steel at lower temperatures. When these impurities are present, they can create weak points within the metal’s structure, making it more prone to sudden failure when exposed to cold conditions. Consequently, metallurgists work diligently to refine alloys and minimize the presence of such detrimental elements to enhance the performance of metals in cold environments.Another factor contributing to cold shortness is the processing history of the metal. The way a metal is manufactured—whether through forging, casting, or welding—can influence its susceptibility to brittleness at lower temperatures. For example, improper heat treatment can leave residual stresses in the material that exacerbate the effects of cold shortness. Engineers must therefore take into account not only the material composition but also the processing techniques used when designing components that will experience low temperatures.To mitigate the risks associated with cold shortness, engineers often conduct thorough testing of materials under various temperature conditions. This testing can include impact tests, tensile tests, and other evaluations to determine how a material will behave when exposed to cold. By understanding the limits of a material's performance, engineers can make informed decisions about which materials to use in specific applications, thus ensuring the integrity and longevity of their designs.In conclusion, cold shortness is a critical concept in materials science that highlights the importance of temperature on the mechanical properties of metals. By recognizing the factors that contribute to this phenomenon, including impurities and processing methods, engineers can better select materials for their projects. Ultimately, a comprehensive understanding of cold shortness helps prevent failures in structures and machinery, promoting safety and efficiency in engineering practices.

在材料科学领域，各种术语描述了金属在不同条件下的性能和行为。其中一个术语是冷脆性，它指的是某些金属在低温下变得脆弱并失去延展性的现象。这种特性在制造和建筑行业中尤为重要，因为材料的性能可能会受到温度波动的严重影响。理解冷脆性对于工程师和设计师来说至关重要，以确保结构和产品的安全性和可靠性。当金属受到低温影响时，其原子结构可能会发生变化，导致脆性增加。例如，如果一种钢合金表现出冷脆性，它可能在受力时断裂或破裂，而不是像人们所期望的那样弯曲或变形。这种行为可能导致灾难性的故障，尤其是在桥梁、建筑物和在寒冷环境中运行的机械等应用中。因此，在选择特定应用的材料时，识别冷脆性的潜在风险至关重要。导致冷脆性的主要原因之一是金属中存在杂质。某些元素，如硫，可能会显著影响钢在低温下的延展性。当这些杂质存在时，它们可能在金属结构中产生弱点，使其在寒冷条件下更容易发生突然失效。因此，冶金学家们努力精炼合金，尽量减少这些有害元素的存在，以增强金属在寒冷环境中的性能。另一个导致冷脆性的因素是金属的加工历史。金属的制造方式——无论是锻造、铸造还是焊接——都可能影响其在低温下的脆性。例如，不当的热处理可能会在材料中留下残余应力，从而加剧冷脆性的影响。因此，工程师在设计将经历低温的组件时，必须考虑材料的组成以及所使用的加工技术。为了减轻与冷脆性相关的风险，工程师通常会对材料在各种温度条件下进行彻底测试。这些测试可以包括冲击测试、拉伸测试和其他评估，以确定材料在暴露于寒冷时的行为。通过了解材料性能的极限，工程师可以在特定应用中做出明智的材料选择，从而确保其设计的完整性和耐久性。总之，冷脆性是材料科学中的一个关键概念，突出了温度对金属机械性能的重要性。通过认识到导致这一现象的因素，包括杂质和加工方法，工程师可以更好地选择其项目的材料。最终，对冷脆性的全面理解有助于防止结构和机械中的故障，促进工程实践的安全性和效率。