coefficient of restitution

简明释义

回弹系数

英英释义

例句

1.The coefficient of restitution measures how elastic a collision is, with a value between 0 and 1.

弹性碰撞的系数coefficient of restitution 衡量碰撞的弹性，值在0到1之间。

2.A perfectly elastic collision has a coefficient of restitution of 1.

完全弹性碰撞的coefficient of restitution 为1。

3.The coefficient of restitution can be affected by the surface material of the objects involved.

物体表面材料会影响coefficient of restitution。

4.Engineers use the coefficient of restitution to design safer car crash tests.

工程师使用coefficient of restitution 来设计更安全的汽车碰撞测试。

5.In sports, the coefficient of restitution of a basketball affects how high it bounces after hitting the floor.

在体育运动中，篮球的coefficient of restitution 影响它落地后反弹的高度。

作文

The concept of the coefficient of restitution is fundamental in the study of collisions and impacts in physics. It is a measure of how elastic a collision is between two objects. When two bodies collide, they can either bounce off each other or stick together, depending on the nature of their interaction. The coefficient of restitution quantifies this behavior by providing a ratio that describes the relative speed of separation to the relative speed of approach. Mathematically, the coefficient of restitution (often denoted as 'e') is defined as: e = (relative speed after collision) / (relative speed before collision) This equation indicates that if two objects collide and then separate, the value of 'e' will be between 0 and 1. If 'e' equals 1, the collision is perfectly elastic, meaning that no kinetic energy is lost in the process. On the other hand, if 'e' equals 0, the collision is perfectly inelastic, indicating that the objects stick together after the collision and move as one mass. Understanding the coefficient of restitution is crucial in various fields such as engineering, sports, and material science. For example, in sports, the performance of balls used in games like basketball, football, or tennis can be analyzed using this concept. A basketball with a high coefficient of restitution will bounce higher compared to one with a low value, affecting the gameplay significantly. Similarly, in engineering, when designing vehicles or safety equipment, knowing how materials behave upon impact can help in creating safer structures. Additionally, the coefficient of restitution can vary depending on the materials involved in the collision. For instance, rubber has a higher coefficient of restitution than clay, which means rubber balls tend to bounce more effectively than clay balls. This property is essential for designers and engineers who need to select appropriate materials for specific applications. In real-world scenarios, the coefficient of restitution can also be influenced by factors such as surface texture, temperature, and the angle of impact. For instance, a rough surface may lead to a lower coefficient of restitution due to increased friction, resulting in less energy being conserved in the form of kinetic energy after the collision. In conclusion, the coefficient of restitution is a vital parameter that helps us understand the dynamics of collisions. By analyzing this coefficient, we can predict how different materials will behave under impact, which has significant implications in various fields. Whether in sports, engineering, or everyday life, the principles behind the coefficient of restitution play a crucial role in shaping our understanding of motion and energy conservation.

“恢复系数”是物理学中研究碰撞和冲击的基本概念。它是衡量两个物体之间碰撞弹性程度的指标。当两个物体发生碰撞时，它们可以相互弹开或粘在一起，这取决于它们的相互作用性质。“恢复系数”通过提供一个比率来量化这种行为，描述分离的相对速度与接近的相对速度的关系。在数学上，“恢复系数”（通常用'e'表示）定义为：e = （碰撞后相对速度）/（碰撞前相对速度）这个方程表明，如果两个物体发生碰撞然后分开，'e'的值将在0到1之间。如果'e'等于1，则碰撞是完全弹性的，这意味着在过程中没有动能损失。另一方面，如果'e'等于0，则碰撞是完全非弹性的，表示物体在碰撞后粘在一起并作为一个整体移动。理解“恢复系数”在工程、体育和材料科学等多个领域至关重要。例如，在体育运动中，篮球、足球或网球等游戏中使用的球的性能可以通过这个概念进行分析。具有较高“恢复系数”的篮球将比具有较低值的篮球弹得更高，这会显著影响比赛。同样，在工程设计车辆或安全设备时，了解材料在冲击下的表现可以帮助创造更安全的结构。此外，“恢复系数”也可能因碰撞中涉及的材料而异。例如，橡胶的“恢复系数”比粘土高，这意味着橡胶球的反弹效果优于粘土球。这一特性对需要选择适当材料以满足特定应用的设计师和工程师至关重要。在现实世界的场景中，“恢复系数”还可能受到表面纹理、温度和冲击角度等因素的影响。例如，粗糙的表面可能导致较低的“恢复系数”，因为摩擦增加，导致碰撞后动能以动能形式保存的能量减少。总之，“恢复系数”是一个重要参数，有助于我们理解碰撞的动态。通过分析这个系数，我们可以预测不同材料在冲击下的行为，这在多个领域具有重要意义。无论是在体育、工程还是日常生活中，“恢复系数”背后的原理在塑造我们对运动和能量守恒的理解中发挥着关键作用。