brittle rupture

简明释义

脆性断裂

英英释义

例句

1.The glass showed signs of brittle rupture after being dropped from a height.

玻璃在从高处掉落后显示出脆性断裂的迹象。

2.The engineer noted a brittle rupture in the metal, indicating it had failed under stress.

工程师注意到金属出现了脆性断裂，这表明它在压力下失效了。

3.The brittle rupture of the ceramic component led to a significant production delay.

陶瓷部件的脆性断裂导致了生产的重大延误。

4.During the inspection, we discovered a brittle rupture in the pipeline that required immediate repair.

在检查过程中，我们发现管道有一个脆性断裂，需要立即修理。

5.In the laboratory, we studied how temperature affects brittle rupture in various materials.

在实验室，我们研究了温度如何影响各种材料的脆性断裂。

作文

In the field of materials science, understanding the different types of failures that materials can experience is crucial for engineers and designers. One such failure mode is known as brittle rupture, which refers to a sudden and catastrophic failure of a material without any significant prior deformation. This type of failure often occurs in materials that are rigid and have low ductility, meaning they do not deform easily before breaking. The implications of brittle rupture are significant, especially in industries where safety is paramount, such as aerospace, construction, and automotive engineering.To better understand brittle rupture, let us consider the characteristics of materials that are prone to this type of failure. Metals like cast iron and certain high-strength steels are examples of materials that can exhibit brittle rupture. When subjected to stress, these materials may not show visible signs of strain or deformation until they reach a critical point. At this juncture, they can break suddenly, leading to serious consequences. For instance, if a bridge constructed with brittle materials experiences unexpected loads, the risk of brittle rupture could lead to catastrophic structural failure.The mechanisms behind brittle rupture can be attributed to several factors, including temperature, strain rate, and the presence of flaws. Low temperatures can increase the likelihood of brittle rupture in certain materials, as the atomic movement is restricted, making it harder for the material to absorb energy and deform. Similarly, when materials are loaded at high strain rates, they may not have sufficient time to deform plastically, resulting in a higher probability of brittle rupture.Another critical aspect of brittle rupture is the presence of defects or imperfections within the material. Flaws such as cracks, voids, or inclusions can serve as stress concentrators, significantly reducing the material's strength. Engineers must account for these potential weaknesses during the design and manufacturing processes to minimize the risk of brittle rupture. Techniques such as non-destructive testing and thorough inspections can help identify and mitigate these risks.Preventing brittle rupture involves careful selection of materials and design considerations. Engineers often choose materials with higher ductility for applications where impact resistance and toughness are essential. Additionally, incorporating safety factors into designs can help ensure that structures can withstand unexpected loads without experiencing brittle rupture.In conclusion, brittle rupture is a critical concept in materials science that highlights the importance of understanding how materials behave under stress. By recognizing the conditions that lead to this type of failure and implementing strategies to prevent it, engineers can design safer and more reliable structures. As technology advances, the study of brittle rupture will continue to evolve, leading to improved materials and engineering practices that prioritize safety and performance.

在材料科学领域，理解材料可能经历的不同类型的失效对工程师和设计师至关重要。一个这样的失效模式被称为brittle rupture，它指的是材料在没有显著先前变形的情况下突然和灾难性的失效。这种类型的失效通常发生在刚性和低延展性的材料中，这意味着它们在断裂之前不会轻易变形。brittle rupture的影响是重大的，尤其是在安全至关重要的行业，如航空航天、建筑和汽车工程。为了更好地理解brittle rupture，让我们考虑容易发生这种类型失效的材料特征。铸铁和某些高强度钢是可以表现出brittle rupture的材料的例子。当这些材料承受应力时，它们可能在达到临界点之前不会显示出可见的应变或变形。在这个时刻，它们可能会突然断裂，导致严重后果。例如，如果一座用脆性材料建造的桥梁遭遇意外负荷，brittle rupture的风险可能导致灾难性的结构失效。brittle rupture背后的机制可以归因于几个因素，包括温度、应变速率和缺陷的存在。低温可以增加某些材料发生brittle rupture的可能性，因为原子的运动受到限制，使得材料更难吸收能量并变形。同样，当材料以高应变速率加载时，它们可能没有足够的时间进行塑性变形，从而导致更高的brittle rupture概率。brittle rupture的另一个关键方面是材料内部缺陷或不完美的存在。裂缝、空洞或夹杂物等缺陷可以作为应力集中器，显著降低材料的强度。工程师必须在设计和制造过程中考虑这些潜在的弱点，以最小化brittle rupture的风险。无损检测和彻底检查等技术可以帮助识别和减轻这些风险。预防brittle rupture涉及材料的谨慎选择和设计考虑。工程师通常为需要冲击抵抗和韧性的应用选择延展性较高的材料。此外，在设计中加入安全系数可以帮助确保结构能够承受意外负荷，而不会经历brittle rupture。总之，brittle rupture是材料科学中的一个关键概念，突显了理解材料在应力下行为的重要性。通过认识导致这种类型失效的条件并实施预防措施，工程师可以设计出更安全、更可靠的结构。随着技术的发展，对brittle rupture的研究将继续演变，导致改进的材料和优先考虑安全和性能的工程实践。