allowable stress

简明释义

容许应力

英英释义

例句

1.Structural components should be analyzed for allowable stress 允许应力 before construction begins.

在施工开始之前，应对结构组件进行允许应力分析。

2.In this design, the allowable stress 允许应力 must not exceed the material's yield strength.

在这个设计中，允许应力不得超过材料的屈服强度。

3.The engineer calculated the allowable stress 允许应力 for the steel beams to ensure safety.

工程师计算了钢梁的允许应力以确保安全。

4.Exceeding the allowable stress 允许应力 can lead to structural failure.

超过允许应力可能会导致结构失效。

5.The allowable stress 允许应力 is determined based on the load conditions and safety factors.

根据荷载条件和安全系数确定允许应力。

作文

In the field of engineering, particularly in structural engineering, the concept of allowable stress is crucial for ensuring the safety and integrity of structures. Allowable stress refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand under service conditions without failing or experiencing unacceptable deformations. This parameter is essential for engineers when designing buildings, bridges, and other infrastructures, as it helps them determine the appropriate materials and dimensions needed to support expected loads.When engineers design a structure, they must consider various factors, including the type of materials used, the loads that the structure will encounter, and environmental conditions such as wind and seismic activity. The allowable stress is derived from the material's properties, which include its yield strength and ultimate strength. Yield strength is the maximum stress that a material can withstand without permanent deformation, while ultimate strength is the maximum stress before failure occurs. By applying a safety factor, engineers can calculate the allowable stress to ensure that the structure remains safe under all anticipated conditions.For instance, consider a steel beam used in a building's framework. The engineer will first determine the yield strength of the steel. If the yield strength is 250 MPa, the engineer might apply a safety factor of 1.5 to account for uncertainties in loading conditions and material properties. Thus, the allowable stress would be calculated as 250 MPa divided by 1.5, resulting in approximately 167 MPa. This means that the steel beam should not be subjected to stresses exceeding 167 MPa during its service life.The importance of allowable stress cannot be overstated. It ensures that structures are designed with a margin of safety, preventing catastrophic failures that could result in loss of life or significant property damage. Moreover, understanding allowable stress allows engineers to optimize their designs, balancing safety with cost-effectiveness. By selecting materials that have higher allowable stress values, engineers can use less material while still meeting safety requirements, which can lead to lighter and more economical structures.In addition to its applications in structural engineering, the concept of allowable stress is also relevant in other fields such as mechanical engineering and materials science. For example, when designing components like shafts, gears, or pressure vessels, engineers must also consider the allowable stress to ensure that these components can withstand operational loads without failure.Furthermore, the allowable stress is influenced by factors such as temperature, fatigue, and corrosion. Engineers must take these factors into account when determining the allowable stress for materials used in environments that may cause degradation over time. For instance, materials exposed to high temperatures may have reduced allowable stress values due to thermal softening, while materials subject to cyclic loading may experience fatigue, necessitating lower allowable stress limits.In conclusion, the concept of allowable stress is a fundamental principle in engineering that plays a vital role in the design and safety of structures and mechanical components. By understanding and applying this concept, engineers can create safe, efficient, and reliable designs that meet the demands of modern society. The careful consideration of allowable stress not only protects lives and property but also contributes to the advancement of engineering practices and technologies, ensuring a sustainable future for infrastructure development.

在工程领域，特别是结构工程中，允许应力的概念对于确保结构的安全性和完整性至关重要。允许应力是指材料在服务条件下可以承受而不发生失效或不可接受变形的最大应力。这个参数对于工程师在设计建筑、桥梁和其他基础设施时至关重要，因为它帮助他们确定支持预期载荷所需的适当材料和尺寸。当工程师设计一个结构时，他们必须考虑各种因素，包括所用材料的类型、结构将遇到的载荷以及风和地震等环境条件。允许应力是根据材料的特性得出的，这些特性包括其屈服强度和极限强度。屈服强度是材料在没有永久变形的情况下可以承受的最大应力，而极限强度是在发生破坏之前可以承受的最大应力。通过应用安全系数，工程师可以计算出允许应力，以确保结构在所有预期条件下保持安全。例如，考虑用于建筑框架的钢梁。工程师首先会确定钢的屈服强度。如果屈服强度为250 MPa，工程师可能会应用一个安全系数1.5，以考虑载荷条件和材料特性的各种不确定性。因此，允许应力将被计算为250 MPa除以1.5，结果约为167 MPa。这意味着该钢梁在其服务寿命内不应承受超过167 MPa的应力。允许应力的重要性不容小觑。它确保结构设计具有安全裕度，防止可能导致人员伤亡或重大财产损失的灾难性故障。此外，理解允许应力使工程师能够优化设计，在安全与经济性之间取得平衡。通过选择具有更高允许应力值的材料，工程师可以在满足安全要求的同时使用更少的材料，从而导致更轻便和更经济的结构。除了在结构工程中的应用外，允许应力的概念在机械工程和材料科学等其他领域也相关。例如，在设计轴、齿轮或压力容器等组件时，工程师还必须考虑允许应力，以确保这些组件能够承受操作载荷而不会失效。此外，允许应力受到温度、疲劳和腐蚀等因素的影响。工程师在确定用于可能随时间退化的环境中的材料的允许应力时，必须考虑这些因素。例如，暴露于高温的材料可能由于热软化而具有降低的允许应力值，而受循环载荷作用的材料可能会经历疲劳，因此需要较低的允许应力限制。总之，允许应力的概念是工程中的一个基本原则，在结构和机械组件的设计与安全中发挥着重要作用。通过理解和应用这一概念，工程师可以创建安全、高效和可靠的设计，以满足现代社会的需求。对允许应力的仔细考虑不仅保护了生命和财产，还促进了工程实践和技术的发展，确保基础设施发展的可持续未来。