price floor

简明释义

最低价格限度

英英释义

例句

1.A price floor can lead to surpluses if the set price is above the equilibrium price.

如果设定的价格高于均衡价格，价格下限可能导致过剩。

2.The government established a price floor to ensure farmers receive a minimum income for their crops.

政府设立了一个价格下限，以确保农民为他们的作物获得最低收入。

3.The introduction of a price floor on milk prices was aimed at supporting dairy farmers.

对牛奶价格引入价格下限旨在支持乳制品农民。

4.Without a price floor, many workers would earn less than the minimum wage.

如果没有价格下限，许多工人的收入将低于最低工资。

5.Many economists argue that a price floor can distort market signals.

许多经济学家认为，价格下限可能扭曲市场信号。

作文

In economics, a price floor is defined as the minimum price that can be legally charged for a good or service. This regulatory measure is often implemented by governments to ensure that prices do not fall below a level that would threaten the financial viability of producers or service providers. The concept of a price floor is particularly relevant in markets where essential goods are sold, such as agricultural products or labor. For instance, when the government sets a minimum wage, it is effectively establishing a price floor for labor. This means that employers cannot pay workers less than this predetermined wage, which aims to protect workers from exploitation and ensure they can afford basic living expenses.The rationale behind implementing a price floor is to prevent prices from dropping too low, which could lead to a decrease in supply. When prices are set too low, producers may find it unprofitable to continue their operations, leading to a reduction in the quantity of goods available in the market. In the case of agriculture, for example, if the price of wheat falls below the cost of production due to oversupply, farmers may decide to stop growing wheat altogether. A price floor helps to stabilize the market by ensuring that prices remain at a level that allows producers to cover their costs and continue producing.However, while price floors can have positive effects, they also come with potential drawbacks. One significant issue is that setting a price floor above the equilibrium price can lead to surpluses. For example, if the government establishes a minimum price for milk that is higher than what consumers are willing to pay, this could result in an excess supply of milk. In such cases, producers may produce more than consumers are willing to buy, leading to wasted resources and economic inefficiency.Furthermore, a price floor can create inequalities in the market. While it benefits certain groups, such as workers receiving higher wages or farmers receiving better prices for their crops, it can disadvantage others. Consumers may face higher prices for goods and services, which can disproportionately affect lower-income households. This can lead to a situation where the very people the price floor was intended to help end up paying more for essential goods, thereby negating some of the benefits of the policy.In conclusion, the concept of a price floor plays a crucial role in economic policy and market regulation. It serves to protect producers and ensure fair compensation for their goods and services. However, policymakers must carefully consider the implications of setting a price floor, as it can lead to market distortions, including surpluses and increased prices for consumers. Striking a balance between protecting producers and ensuring affordability for consumers is essential for the effective implementation of price floors in any economy. Understanding the dynamics of price floors is vital for anyone interested in the field of economics, as it highlights the complexities of market interventions and their far-reaching consequences.

在经济学中，价格下限被定义为可以合法收取的商品或服务的最低价格。这一监管措施通常由政府实施，以确保价格不会降到威胁生产者或服务提供者财务可行性的水平。价格下限的概念在销售基本商品的市场中尤为相关，例如农业产品或劳动。例如，当政府设定最低工资时，实际上是在为劳动建立一个价格下限。这意味着雇主不能支付工人低于这一预定工资的报酬，旨在保护工人免受剥削，并确保他们能够负担基本生活费用。实施价格下限的理由是防止价格过低，这可能导致供应减少。当价格设定得过低时，生产者可能会发现继续运营不盈利，从而导致市场上可用商品的数量减少。在农业的情况下，例如，如果由于供给过剩，小麦的价格跌至低于生产成本，农民可能决定停止种植小麦。价格下限通过确保价格保持在允许生产者覆盖其成本并继续生产的水平来帮助稳定市场。然而，虽然价格下限可能产生积极效果，但它们也伴随着潜在的缺点。一个重要的问题是，将价格下限设定在均衡价格之上可能导致过剩。例如，如果政府为牛奶设定的最低价格高于消费者愿意支付的价格，这可能导致牛奶的供给过剩。在这种情况下，生产者可能会生产出消费者不愿意购买的更多产品，从而导致资源浪费和经济效率低下。此外，价格下限可能在市场中造成不平等。虽然它使某些群体受益，例如获得更高工资的工人或获得更好价格的农民，但也可能使其他人处于不利地位。消费者可能面临商品和服务的更高价格，这可能对低收入家庭产生不成比例的影响。这可能导致一种情况，即本应帮助的群体最终为必需品支付更多，从而抵消政策的一些好处。总之，价格下限的概念在经济政策和市场监管中发挥着至关重要的作用。它旨在保护生产者并确保其商品和服务的公平补偿。然而，政策制定者必须仔细考虑设定价格下限的影响，因为这可能导致市场扭曲，包括过剩和消费者价格上涨。在任何经济体中，有效实施价格下限的关键是在保护生产者和确保消费者的可负担性之间取得平衡。理解价格下限的动态对于任何对经济学感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的，因为它突显了市场干预的复杂性及其深远的后果。