natural interest rate

简明释义

自然利率［即对贷款的供需完全平衡时的利率］

英英释义

例句

1.Many investors look to the natural interest rate 自然利率 to gauge future economic conditions.

许多投资者关注自然利率 自然利率以评估未来的经济状况。

2.The central bank aims to adjust the policy rate to align with the natural interest rate 自然利率 to promote economic stability.

中央银行旨在调整政策利率，以与自然利率 自然利率保持一致，从而促进经济稳定。

3.Economists believe that understanding the natural interest rate 自然利率 is crucial for effective monetary policy.

经济学家认为，理解自然利率 自然利率对有效的货币政策至关重要。

4.When the economy is booming, the actual interest rate often exceeds the natural interest rate 自然利率, leading to inflationary pressures.

当经济繁荣时，实际利率往往超过自然利率 自然利率，导致通货膨胀压力。

5.If the natural interest rate 自然利率 is too low, it may signal an underperforming economy.

如果自然利率 自然利率过低，可能表明经济表现不佳。

作文

The concept of the natural interest rate is essential in understanding how economies operate and how monetary policy can be effectively implemented. The natural interest rate is defined as the interest rate that would prevail in an economy when it is at full employment and stable inflation. It is not directly observable, but economists estimate it based on various economic indicators and models. This rate represents the equilibrium where savings and investment are balanced, leading to sustainable economic growth.Understanding the natural interest rate is crucial for central banks when setting their policy rates. For instance, if the actual interest rate is below the natural interest rate, it can lead to excessive borrowing and spending, potentially causing inflation. Conversely, if the actual interest rate is above the natural interest rate, it may discourage borrowing and spending, leading to a slowdown in economic activity.In recent years, many central banks have struggled to determine the appropriate level of interest rates due to changes in the global economy. Factors such as demographic shifts, technological advancements, and increased savings rates have contributed to a decline in the estimated natural interest rate. As a result, central banks have had to adopt unconventional monetary policies, such as quantitative easing, to stimulate their economies.The implications of the natural interest rate extend beyond just monetary policy. It also influences investment decisions made by businesses and individuals. When the interest rates are low, it encourages borrowing for investment in projects, leading to economic expansion. On the other hand, high-interest rates may lead to a decrease in investments, as the cost of borrowing becomes prohibitive.Furthermore, the natural interest rate plays a significant role in financial markets. Investors often look at the relationship between actual interest rates and the natural interest rate to gauge the future direction of the economy. If they believe that the actual rates are too low compared to the natural interest rate, they might expect inflation to rise, leading to adjustments in their portfolios.In conclusion, the natural interest rate is a fundamental concept in economics that helps policymakers, businesses, and investors understand the balance between savings and investment in an economy. By estimating the natural interest rate, central banks can make informed decisions about monetary policy, which in turn affects economic growth and stability. As the global economy continues to evolve, understanding the natural interest rate will remain vital for navigating the complexities of economic management and ensuring sustainable growth for the future.

“自然利率”这一概念对于理解经济的运作以及如何有效实施货币政策至关重要。“自然利率”被定义为在经济达到充分就业和稳定通胀时所存在的利率。它并不是直接可观察的，但经济学家根据各种经济指标和模型对其进行估算。这个利率代表了储蓄与投资平衡的均衡点，从而导致可持续的经济增长。理解“自然利率”对于中央银行设定政策利率至关重要。例如，如果实际利率低于“自然利率”，可能会导致过度借贷和消费，从而可能引发通货膨胀。相反，如果实际利率高于“自然利率”，则可能会抑制借贷和消费，导致经济活动放缓。近年来，许多中央银行在确定适当的利率水平方面面临困难，这是由于全球经济的变化。人口结构的变化、技术进步和储蓄率的提高等因素导致估计的“自然利率”下降。因此，中央银行不得不采取非常规的货币政策，例如量化宽松，以刺激经济。“自然利率”的影响不仅限于货币政策。它还影响企业和个人的投资决策。当利率较低时，它鼓励借贷用于投资项目，从而促进经济扩张。另一方面，高利率可能导致投资减少，因为借贷成本变得过高。此外，“自然利率”在金融市场中也发挥着重要作用。投资者通常会关注实际利率与“自然利率”之间的关系，以判断经济未来的方向。如果他们认为实际利率低于“自然利率”，他们可能会预期通货膨胀上升，从而调整投资组合。总之，“自然利率”是经济学中的一个基本概念，帮助政策制定者、企业和投资者理解经济中储蓄与投资的平衡。通过估算“自然利率”，中央银行可以就货币政策做出明智的决策，这反过来又影响经济增长和稳定。随着全球经济的不断发展，理解“自然利率”将继续对驾驭经济管理的复杂性和确保未来的可持续增长至关重要。