reserve requirement

简明释义

准备金规定，准备金要求

英英释义

例句

1.Banks must maintain a certain reserve requirement 准备金要求 to ensure liquidity.

银行必须保持一定的准备金要求以确保流动性。

2.The central bank has raised the reserve requirement 准备金要求 for commercial banks to control inflation.

中央银行提高了商业银行的准备金要求以控制通货膨胀。

3.A lower reserve requirement 准备金要求 can lead to increased lending by banks.

较低的准备金要求可能会导致银行增加放贷。

4.The reserve requirement 准备金要求 is a tool used by the Federal Reserve to manage monetary policy.

美国联邦储备委员会使用准备金要求作为管理货币政策的工具。

5.If the reserve requirement 准备金要求 is too high, it can restrict economic growth.

如果准备金要求过高，可能会限制经济增长。

作文

The concept of reserve requirement is a fundamental principle in banking and finance that plays a crucial role in the stability of the financial system. In simple terms, the reserve requirement refers to the amount of funds that a bank must hold in reserve against deposits made by its customers. This requirement is set by the central bank of a country and is designed to ensure that banks maintain a certain level of liquidity, which is essential for meeting withdrawal demands from depositors.Understanding the reserve requirement is vital for grasping how monetary policy works. When a central bank, such as the Federal Reserve in the United States, adjusts the reserve requirement, it directly influences the amount of money that banks can lend out. For instance, if the reserve requirement is decreased, banks are allowed to keep less money in reserve and can therefore lend more to businesses and individuals. This increase in lending can stimulate economic growth, as it provides more capital for investment and spending.Conversely, if the central bank raises the reserve requirement, banks must hold more funds in reserve, which restricts their ability to provide loans. This tightening of credit can help control inflation but may also lead to slower economic growth. Thus, the reserve requirement serves as a tool for central banks to manage the economy by influencing the money supply.Moreover, the reserve requirement can vary depending on the type of deposits. For example, demand deposits, which can be withdrawn at any time, usually have a higher reserve requirement compared to time deposits, which are locked in for a specified period. This differentiation ensures that banks are adequately prepared to meet the different withdrawal patterns of their customers.In addition to its role in monetary policy, the reserve requirement also serves as a safeguard for the banking system. By requiring banks to hold a portion of deposits in reserve, it reduces the risk of bank runs, where a large number of customers withdraw their funds simultaneously. If banks did not have to maintain a reserve requirement, they could lend out all their deposits, leaving them vulnerable to insolvency if too many customers wanted to withdraw their money at once.Furthermore, the reserve requirement can impact interest rates. When banks have to hold more reserves, they may charge higher interest rates on loans to compensate for the reduced amount of money they can lend. Conversely, lower reserve requirements can lead to lower interest rates, making borrowing cheaper for consumers and businesses. This relationship between the reserve requirement and interest rates is an important consideration for both borrowers and policymakers.In conclusion, the reserve requirement is a critical component of the banking system that affects monetary policy, economic stability, and the overall health of the financial system. By understanding the implications of the reserve requirement, individuals can better appreciate how central banks influence the economy and the importance of maintaining adequate reserves to protect against financial crises. As we continue to navigate an ever-changing economic landscape, the role of the reserve requirement remains as vital as ever in ensuring the resilience and stability of our financial institutions.

“准备金要求”是银行和金融中的一个基本原则，在金融系统的稳定性中发挥着至关重要的作用。简单来说，“准备金要求”是指银行必须根据客户存款持有的储备资金量。这一要求由国家的中央银行设定，旨在确保银行保持一定水平的流动性，这对于满足存款人提款需求至关重要。理解“准备金要求”对掌握货币政策的运作至关重要。当中央银行（例如美国的联邦储备系统）调整“准备金要求”时，它直接影响银行可以借出的资金量。例如，如果“准备金要求”降低，银行被允许保留更少的钱作为储备，因此可以向企业和个人提供更多贷款。这种贷款的增加可以刺激经济增长，因为它为投资和消费提供了更多资本。相反，如果中央银行提高“准备金要求”，银行必须持有更多的资金作为储备，这限制了它们提供贷款的能力。这种信贷的收紧可以帮助控制通货膨胀，但也可能导致经济增长放缓。因此，“准备金要求”作为中央银行通过影响货币供应来管理经济的一种工具。此外，“准备金要求”可能因存款类型而异。例如，随时可提取的活期存款通常具有比定期存款更高的“准备金要求”，后者在指定期限内锁定。这种区分确保银行能够充分准备以应对客户不同的提款模式。除了在货币政策中的作用外，“准备金要求”还作为银行系统的保护措施。通过要求银行保留部分存款作为储备，它减少了银行挤兑的风险，即大量客户同时提取资金。如果银行不需要维持“准备金要求”，它们可能会将所有存款借出，从而使其在过多客户想要提取资金时面临破产的风险。此外，“准备金要求”还可以影响利率。当银行必须持有更多的储备时，它们可能会对贷款收取更高的利率，以弥补可借出资金减少的损失。相反，较低的“准备金要求”可能导致较低的利率，使消费者和企业的借款成本降低。这种“准备金要求”与利率之间的关系是借款人和政策制定者的重要考虑因素。总之，“准备金要求”是银行系统的一个关键组成部分，影响货币政策、经济稳定性和金融系统的整体健康。通过理解“准备金要求”的影响，个人可以更好地理解中央银行如何影响经济，以及保持足够储备以防范金融危机的重要性。在我们继续应对不断变化的经济环境时，“准备金要求”的角色在确保我们的金融机构的韧性和稳定性方面依然至关重要。