transversion

简明释义

英[trænsˈvɜːʃən]美[trænzˈvərʒən]

n. [分子生物] 颠换

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The results show that the types of DNA base mutation included the transition, the transversion and the deletion.

结果显示：碱基变异的类型包括转换、颠换和缺失。

2.The substitution of a purine for a pyrimidine, or vice versa is a transversion.

嘌呤为嘧啶取代或嘧啶为嘌呤所取代，叫做颠换。

3.The relationship of transition and transversion of base change in 4-fold degenerate sites of coding genes of 6 proteins, which showed 70% homology in wmposition investigated.

以同源性在70%以上的6组同源蛋白为材料，从系统发生的角度研究发生在四倍简并位点上的转换和颠换的关系。

4.The relationship of transition and transversion of base change in 4-fold degenerate sites of coding genes of 6 proteins, which showed 70% homology in wmposition investigated.

以同源性在70%以上的6组同源蛋白为材料，从系统发生的角度研究发生在四倍简并位点上的转换和颠换的关系。

5.A specific type of transversion 反转位点突变 can lead to a change in protein function.

一种特定类型的transversion 反转位点突变可能导致蛋白质功能的改变。

6.The study examined how transversion 反转位点突变 contributes to genetic diversity.

该研究考察了transversion 反转位点突变如何促进遗传多样性。

7.In genetics, a transversion 反转位点突变 occurs when a purine is replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa.

在遗传学中，transversion 反转位点突变是指一个嘌呤被一个嘧啶替换，或者相反。

8.Researchers found that the rate of transversion 反转位点突变 was higher in certain cancer cells.

研究人员发现，在某些癌细胞中，transversion 反转位点突变的发生率更高。

9.Understanding transversion 反转位点突变 is crucial for predicting mutations in DNA sequences.

理解transversion 反转位点突变对于预测DNA序列中的突变至关重要。

作文

In the study of genetics, the term transversion refers to a specific type of point mutation where a purine is replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa. This differs from a transition, which involves the substitution of one purine for another or one pyrimidine for another. Understanding transversion mutations is crucial for geneticists and molecular biologists because these changes can have significant implications for an organism's phenotype and overall health.To illustrate the importance of transversion, consider the case of sickle cell anemia. This condition arises from a single nucleotide mutation in the hemoglobin gene, which is a type of transition. However, transversions can also lead to serious genetic disorders. For example, a transversion at a critical position in the DNA sequence could result in the production of a nonfunctional protein, potentially leading to diseases such as cancer or cystic fibrosis.The mechanisms that lead to transversion mutations are varied. Environmental factors such as UV radiation, certain chemicals, and even errors during DNA replication can contribute to these mutations. For instance, when DNA is exposed to ultraviolet light, it can cause the formation of thymine dimers, which may lead to transversion if not repaired properly. This is why understanding the causes of transversion is essential for developing strategies to prevent mutations that could have dire consequences.Moreover, the study of transversion mutations has important applications in evolutionary biology. By analyzing the frequency and patterns of these mutations in different species, scientists can gain insights into evolutionary processes and relationships. For example, if a particular transversion is found to be common in a specific lineage, it may indicate a shared evolutionary ancestor or adaptive response to environmental pressures.In addition to their role in disease and evolution, transversion mutations can also serve as valuable markers in genetic research. Geneticists often use these mutations to trace lineage and understand population genetics. By examining the distribution of transversion mutations across populations, researchers can infer migration patterns and genetic diversity, which are crucial for conservation efforts and understanding human history.In conclusion, transversion is a significant concept in genetics that encompasses a variety of mutations with far-reaching implications. It is essential for both understanding the molecular basis of diseases and exploring the evolutionary history of organisms. As research continues to uncover the complexities of DNA and its mutations, the role of transversion will undoubtedly remain a key area of focus for scientists seeking to unravel the mysteries of life at the molecular level.

在遗传学研究中，术语transversion指的是一种特定类型的点突变，其中嘌呤被取代为嘧啶，反之亦然。这与过渡突变不同，后者涉及一种嘌呤替换为另一种嘌呤或一种嘧啶替换为另一种嘧啶。理解transversion突变对遗传学家和分子生物学家至关重要，因为这些变化可能对生物体的表型和整体健康产生重大影响。为了说明transversion的重要性，考虑镰状细胞贫血的案例。这种病症源于血红蛋白基因中的单核苷酸突变，这是一种过渡突变。然而，transversions也可能导致严重的遗传疾病。例如，在DNA序列中的关键位置发生transversion可能导致非功能性蛋白质的产生，从而可能导致癌症或囊性纤维化等疾病。导致transversion突变的机制是多种多样的。环境因素如紫外线辐射、某些化学物质甚至DNA复制过程中的错误都可能导致这些突变。例如，当DNA暴露于紫外线下时，可能会导致胸腺二聚体的形成，如果未能正确修复，可能会导致transversion。这就是为什么理解transversion的原因对于制定预防可能具有严重后果的突变的策略至关重要。此外，transversion突变的研究在进化生物学中也具有重要应用。通过分析不同物种中这些突变的频率和模式，科学家可以深入了解进化过程和关系。例如，如果在特定谱系中发现某种transversion很常见，这可能表明一个共同的进化祖先或对环境压力的适应性反应。除了在疾病和进化中的作用，transversion突变还可以作为遗传研究中的有价值标记。遗传学家经常使用这些突变来追踪谱系并理解群体遗传学。通过检查群体中transversion突变的分布，研究人员可以推断迁徙模式和遗传多样性，这对保护工作和理解人类历史至关重要。总之，transversion是遗传学中一个重要的概念，涵盖了各种具有深远意义的突变。它对于理解疾病的分子基础和探索生物体的进化历史至关重要。随着研究继续揭示DNA及其突变的复杂性，transversion的角色无疑将继续成为科学家们寻求解开生命分子层面之谜的重点领域。