consumer price index

简明释义

消费者价格指数

英英释义

例句

1.A rising consumer price index 消费者物价指数 can indicate that the cost of living is increasing.

上升的消费者物价指数 consumer price index 可能表明生活成本在增加。

2.Economists use the consumer price index 消费者物价指数 to measure inflation in the economy.

经济学家使用消费者物价指数 consumer price index 来衡量经济中的通货膨胀。

3.The consumer price index 消费者物价指数 is often used to adjust salaries and pensions.

消费者物价指数 consumer price index 通常用于调整工资和养老金。

4.In January, the consumer price index 消费者物价指数 showed a significant increase in food prices.

在一月份，消费者物价指数 consumer price index 显示食品价格显著上涨。

5.The government reported that the consumer price index 消费者物价指数 rose by 2% last month.

政府报告称，上个月的消费者物价指数 consumer price index 上涨了2%。

作文

The consumer price index (CPI) is a crucial economic indicator that measures the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. It serves as a key gauge of inflation, providing insights into how the purchasing power of money changes over time. Understanding the consumer price index is essential for both policymakers and consumers, as it affects economic decisions and financial planning.The calculation of the consumer price index involves collecting data on the prices of a wide range of items, including food, clothing, housing, transportation, and medical care. This data is then used to create a representative basket of goods that reflects typical consumption patterns among households. By comparing the current cost of this basket to its cost in previous periods, economists can determine the rate of inflation or deflation.Inflation, as measured by the consumer price index, erodes the purchasing power of money, meaning that consumers can buy less with the same amount of money over time. For example, if the CPI increases by 2% in a year, it indicates that, on average, prices have risen by that percentage. This information is vital for wage negotiations, as workers often demand raises that match or exceed the rate of inflation to maintain their standard of living.Moreover, the consumer price index influences monetary policy decisions made by central banks. When inflation rises above a target level, central banks may decide to increase interest rates to cool down the economy and bring inflation back under control. Conversely, if the CPI shows signs of deflation or very low inflation, central banks might lower interest rates to stimulate spending and investment.In addition to its role in economic policy, the consumer price index is also significant for individual consumers. It affects everything from cost-of-living adjustments in Social Security benefits to the interest rates on loans and mortgages. Many contracts and financial instruments are linked to the CPI, making it a critical factor in personal finance.Understanding the nuances of the consumer price index can help consumers make informed decisions. For instance, if the CPI indicates rising prices in certain categories, consumers may choose to adjust their spending habits, seeking alternatives or delaying purchases until prices stabilize. Similarly, businesses can use CPI data to anticipate changes in consumer behavior and adjust their pricing strategies accordingly.In conclusion, the consumer price index is more than just a number; it is a reflection of economic health and consumer welfare. By tracking changes in the CPI, individuals and policymakers can better understand the dynamics of the economy and make more informed decisions. Whether you are negotiating a salary, planning a budget, or setting monetary policy, the importance of the consumer price index cannot be overstated. It is an essential tool for navigating the complexities of the modern economy and ensuring financial stability for all stakeholders involved.

消费者价格指数（CPI）是一个关键的经济指标，衡量城市消费者为一篮子消费品和服务支付的平均价格随时间的变化。它作为通货膨胀的重要指标，为我们提供了货币购买力随时间变化的洞察。理解消费者价格指数对于政策制定者和消费者来说都是至关重要的，因为它影响经济决策和财务规划。消费者价格指数的计算涉及收集各种商品的价格数据，包括食品、服装、住房、交通和医疗保健。这些数据用于创建一个代表性的商品篮子，反映家庭的典型消费模式。通过将当前这个篮子的成本与以前时期的成本进行比较，经济学家可以确定通货膨胀或通货紧缩的速率。通货膨胀，如消费者价格指数所测量的，侵蚀了货币的购买力，这意味着消费者随着时间的推移用相同数量的钱能买到的东西会变少。例如，如果CPI在一年内上升了2%，这表明，平均而言，价格已经上涨了这个百分比。这一信息对于工资谈判至关重要，因为工人通常要求加薪以匹配或超过通货膨胀率，以维持他们的生活水平。此外，消费者价格指数还影响中央银行的货币政策决策。当通货膨胀超过目标水平时，中央银行可能会选择提高利率，以冷却经济并控制通货膨胀。相反，如果CPI显示出通货紧缩或非常低的通货膨胀迹象，中央银行可能会降低利率以刺激消费和投资。除了在经济政策中的作用外，消费者价格指数对个人消费者也很重要。它影响从社会保障福利的生活成本调整到贷款和抵押贷款的利率。许多合同和金融工具都与CPI挂钩，使其成为个人财务中的关键因素。理解消费者价格指数的细微差别可以帮助消费者做出明智的决定。例如，如果CPI显示某些类别价格上涨，消费者可能会选择调整消费习惯，寻找替代品或推迟购买，直到价格稳定。同样，企业可以利用CPI数据预测消费者行为的变化，并相应地调整定价策略。总之，消费者价格指数不仅仅是一个数字；它反映了经济健康和消费者福利。通过跟踪CPI的变化，个人和政策制定者可以更好地理解经济动态，并做出更明智的决策。无论你是在谈判薪水、规划预算，还是制定货币政策，消费者价格指数的重要性都不容小觑。它是应对现代经济复杂性和确保所有相关方财务稳定的重要工具。