consumption multiplier

简明释义

消费乘数

英英释义

例句

1.The government is considering increasing taxes to boost the consumption multiplier 消费乘数 effect in the economy.

政府正在考虑增加税收以促进经济中的消费乘数 消费乘数 效应。

2.Economists often analyze the consumption multiplier 消费乘数 when assessing fiscal policies.

经济学家在评估财政政策时通常会分析消费乘数 消费乘数 。

3.An increase in consumer spending can lead to a significant rise in the consumption multiplier 消费乘数.

消费者支出的增加可以导致消费乘数 消费乘数 的显著上升。

4.During economic downturns, a higher consumption multiplier 消费乘数 can help stimulate recovery.

在经济低迷期间，更高的消费乘数 消费乘数 可以帮助刺激复苏。

5.A larger consumption multiplier 消费乘数 means that each dollar spent generates more economic activity.

更大的消费乘数 消费乘数 意味着每花费一美元会产生更多的经济活动。

作文

The concept of the consumption multiplier plays a significant role in understanding how economic activity can be influenced by consumer spending. Essentially, the consumption multiplier refers to the phenomenon where an initial increase in spending leads to a more than proportional increase in overall economic output. This occurs because one person's spending becomes another person's income, which in turn fuels further spending. For instance, when a government invests in infrastructure, it creates jobs, and those workers will spend their earnings on goods and services. This cycle continues, magnifying the initial impact of the spending. To illustrate this further, consider a small town that receives a sudden influx of investment for a new factory. The factory hires local workers, who then have more disposable income. As these workers spend their wages at local businesses, such as restaurants and shops, the owners of those businesses experience increased revenue. Consequently, they may decide to hire more employees or expand their operations, leading to even more income and spending in the community. This ripple effect is what economists refer to as the consumption multiplier. However, it's important to note that the size of the consumption multiplier can vary based on several factors, including the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) within the economy. The MPC indicates how much of any additional income will be spent rather than saved. A higher MPC means that people are likely to spend a larger portion of their income, resulting in a larger consumption multiplier. Conversely, if individuals choose to save more of their income, the multiplier effect diminishes. Moreover, external factors such as consumer confidence, interest rates, and inflation can also influence the effectiveness of the consumption multiplier. For example, during times of economic uncertainty, even if people have more income, they may choose to save rather than spend, thereby reducing the multiplier effect. On the other hand, when consumer confidence is high, spending tends to increase, enhancing the impact of the consumption multiplier. In conclusion, the consumption multiplier is a crucial concept in macroeconomics that highlights the interconnectedness of spending, income, and overall economic growth. Understanding this concept helps policymakers design effective fiscal policies that can stimulate economic activity. By recognizing how initial expenditures can lead to wider economic benefits through the consumption multiplier, governments can make informed decisions that promote sustainable growth and prosperity within their economies.

“消费乘数”这一概念在理解消费者支出如何影响经济活动方面发挥着重要作用。本质上，“消费乘数”指的是一种现象，即初始支出的增加导致整体经济产出呈现出超过比例的增长。这是因为一个人的支出成为另一个人的收入，而这又进一步推动了更多的支出。例如，当政府投资于基础设施时，它创造了就业机会，这些工人会将他们的收入用于购买商品和服务。这个循环继续下去，放大了支出的初始影响。为了进一步说明这一点，考虑一个小镇，它因新工厂的投资而突然涌入资金。工厂雇佣当地工人，这些工人因此拥有了更多的可支配收入。当这些工人在当地商店如餐馆和商店花费他们的工资时，这些商家的收入就会增加。因此，他们可能决定雇佣更多员工或扩大经营，从而在社区中产生更多的收入和支出。这种连锁反应就是经济学家所称的“消费乘数”。然而，值得注意的是，“消费乘数”的大小可以根据几个因素变化，包括经济中的边际消费倾向（MPC）。MPC 表示任何额外收入中将被消费而不是储蓄的比例。较高的 MPC 意味着人们更有可能花费更多的收入，从而导致更大的“消费乘数”。相反，如果个人选择将更多的收入存起来，乘数效应就会减弱。此外，消费者信心、利率和通货膨胀等外部因素也会影响“消费乘数”的有效性。例如，在经济不确定时期，即使人们有了更多的收入，他们也可能选择储蓄而不是消费，从而减少乘数效应。另一方面，当消费者信心高涨时，支出往往会增加，从而增强“消费乘数”的影响。总之，“消费乘数”是宏观经济学中的一个关键概念，突显了支出、收入和整体经济增长之间的相互联系。理解这一概念有助于政策制定者设计有效的财政政策，以刺激经济活动。通过认识到初始支出如何通过“消费乘数”导致更广泛的经济利益，政府可以做出明智的决策，促进其经济的可持续增长和繁荣。