external cost

简明释义

外部成本

英英释义

例句

1.The external cost 外部成本 of traffic congestion includes lost productivity and increased air pollution.

交通拥堵的外部成本 external cost包括生产力损失和空气污染增加。

2.Governments often impose taxes to account for the external cost 外部成本 of carbon emissions.

政府通常会征收税款以考虑碳排放的外部成本 external cost。

3.When assessing the true price of gasoline, we must consider the external cost 外部成本 of environmental damage caused by oil drilling.

在评估汽油的真实价格时，我们必须考虑石油钻探造成的环境破坏的外部成本 external cost。

4.The factory's emissions contribute to the city's pollution, which is an example of an external cost 外部成本 that affects local residents' health.

工厂的排放导致城市污染，这是一个影响当地居民健康的外部成本 external cost的例子。

5.The external cost 外部成本 of plastic waste is seen in the damage it causes to marine life.

塑料垃圾的外部成本 external cost体现在它对海洋生物造成的伤害上。

作文

In the realm of economics, the concept of external cost refers to the costs incurred by a third party who is not directly involved in a transaction or activity. This term is crucial in understanding the broader implications of economic activities on society and the environment. For instance, when a factory produces goods, it may emit pollutants into the air. The residents living nearby suffer from health issues due to this pollution, which represents an external cost that the factory does not account for in its production expenses. The significance of recognizing external costs lies in its potential to influence policy-making and corporate responsibility. When businesses and governments ignore these costs, they perpetuate a cycle of environmental degradation and social injustice. For example, if a company is allowed to pollute without facing any penalties, it may prioritize profit over community welfare. This leads to a situation where the negative impacts of their actions are borne by society at large rather than the responsible entity. To address the issue of external costs, various strategies can be implemented. One effective method is the imposition of taxes or fines on activities that generate significant externalities. By doing so, the government can encourage companies to adopt cleaner technologies and practices. For instance, a carbon tax aims to internalize the external cost of carbon emissions, thereby incentivizing businesses to reduce their carbon footprint. Moreover, educating consumers about the external costs associated with their purchases can lead to more informed decision-making. When individuals understand that their choices have broader implications, they may opt for products and services that are more sustainable and socially responsible. This shift in consumer behavior can compel companies to reevaluate their practices and reduce their negative impact on society. In conclusion, the concept of external cost is essential for fostering a more equitable and sustainable economy. By acknowledging and addressing these costs, we can create a system where businesses are held accountable for their actions, and society as a whole can benefit. It is imperative for policymakers, businesses, and consumers to work together in recognizing the importance of external costs and taking proactive measures to mitigate them. Only then can we pave the way for a healthier planet and a more just society.

在经济学领域，外部成本的概念指的是由未直接参与交易或活动的第三方所承担的成本。这个术语对于理解经济活动对社会和环境的更广泛影响至关重要。例如，当一家工厂生产商品时，它可能会向空气中排放污染物。住在附近的居民因这种污染而遭受健康问题，这代表了工厂在其生产费用中未考虑的外部成本。认识到外部成本的重要性在于它对政策制定和企业责任的潜在影响。当企业和政府忽视这些成本时，他们就会 perpetuate 环境恶化和社会不公的循环。例如，如果一家公司被允许污染而不面临任何处罚，它可能会优先考虑利润而不是社区福利。这导致了一个情况，即他们行为的负面影响由整个社会承担，而不是由负责的实体承担。为了解决外部成本的问题，可以实施各种策略。一种有效的方法是在产生显著外部性的活动上征收税款或罚款。通过这样做，政府可以鼓励公司采用更清洁的技术和实践。例如，碳税旨在内部化碳排放的外部成本，从而激励企业减少其碳足迹。此外，教育消费者有关其购买所涉及的外部成本能够导致更明智的决策。当个人意识到他们的选择有更广泛的影响时，他们可能会选择更可持续和社会责任感更强的产品和服务。这种消费者行为的转变可以迫使公司重新评估其做法，并减少对社会的负面影响。总之，外部成本的概念对于促进更公平和可持续的经济至关重要。通过承认和解决这些成本，我们可以创建一个企业对其行为负责的系统，而整个社会都能受益。政策制定者、企业和消费者必须共同努力，认识到外部成本的重要性，并采取积极措施来减轻它们。只有这样，我们才能为一个更健康的星球和一个更公正的社会铺平道路。