Taft-Hartley Act

简明释义

塔夫脱－哈特利法案［美国］

英英释义

例句

1.The Taft-Hartley Act was enacted in 1947 in response to post-war labor unrest.

《塔夫脱-哈特利法案》于1947年制定，以应对战后劳动骚乱。

2.Under the Taft-Hartley Act, employers are prohibited from engaging in unfair labor practices.

根据《塔夫脱-哈特利法案》，雇主被禁止从事不公平的劳动行为。

3.The passage of the Taft-Hartley Act was a significant turning point in labor relations in the United States.

《塔夫脱-哈特利法案》的通过是美国劳动关系的一个重要转折点。

4.Many unions opposed the Taft-Hartley Act because it limited their power to strike.

许多工会反对《塔夫脱-哈特利法案》，因为它限制了他们罢工的权力。

5.Critics argue that the Taft-Hartley Act undermines workers' rights and protections.

批评者认为《塔夫脱-哈特利法案》削弱了工人的权利和保护。

作文

The Taft-Hartley Act is a significant piece of legislation in the United States that was enacted in 1947. Officially known as the Labor Management Relations Act, this law was designed to balance the power between labor unions and employers. After World War II, the labor movement gained considerable strength, which led to various strikes and disruptions in industries crucial to the economy. The federal government, concerned about the potential for widespread unrest and its impact on the post-war recovery, sought to impose regulations on union activities. The Taft-Hartley Act was the response to these concerns, aiming to curtail the power of labor unions while protecting workers' rights.One of the key provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act is the prohibition of secondary boycotts. This means that unions cannot encourage other businesses to stop doing business with a company they are striking against. This provision was intended to limit the economic impact of strikes and prevent unions from exerting undue pressure on third parties. Additionally, the act requires union leaders to sign affidavits affirming that they are not members of the Communist Party, reflecting the political climate of the time where fears of communism were rampant.Another important aspect of the Taft-Hartley Act is its emphasis on the rights of individual workers. It guarantees workers the right to refrain from joining a union, thereby promoting the concept of 'right-to-work' laws in various states. These laws allow individuals to work in unionized workplaces without being compelled to join the union or pay dues. This provision has been a point of contention in the ongoing debate about labor rights and union influence in the workplace.The Taft-Hartley Act also established the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, which provides assistance in resolving labor disputes. This agency plays a crucial role in mediating conflicts between employers and unions, helping to prevent strikes and maintain industrial peace. By facilitating negotiations, the service aims to promote a more harmonious relationship between labor and management.Critics of the Taft-Hartley Act argue that it undermines the power of unions and restricts workers' rights. They contend that the act was a direct attack on the labor movement, designed to weaken unions and limit their ability to advocate for workers' interests. Supporters, on the other hand, believe that the act is necessary to ensure a fair balance between the rights of workers and the needs of employers.In conclusion, the Taft-Hartley Act remains a pivotal law in the history of labor relations in the United States. Its enactment marked a turning point in the balance of power between labor unions and employers, shaping the landscape of labor rights and union activities for decades to come. Understanding the implications of the Taft-Hartley Act is essential for anyone interested in labor relations, as it continues to influence discussions about workers' rights and union power today.

《塔夫特-哈特利法案》是美国的一项重要立法，于1947年颁布。正式名称为《劳动管理关系法》，该法律旨在平衡工会与雇主之间的权力。二战后，劳工运动获得了相当大的力量，导致关键行业出现各种罢工和干扰。联邦政府担心潜在的广泛动荡及其对战后恢复的影响，因此寻求对工会活动施加监管。《塔夫特-哈特利法案》是对这些担忧的回应，旨在限制工会的权力，同时保护工人的权利。《塔夫特-哈特利法案》的一个关键条款是禁止二次抵制。这意味着工会不能鼓励其他企业停止与他们正在罢工的公司做生意。这个条款旨在限制罢工的经济影响，防止工会对第三方施加不当压力。此外，该法案要求工会领导人签署宣誓书，确认他们不是共产党成员，反映了当时对共产主义的恐惧。《塔夫特-哈特利法案》的另一个重要方面是强调个人工人的权利。它保障工人有权选择不加入工会，从而在各州促进“工作权”法律。这些法律允许个人在工会化的工作场所工作，而不被迫加入工会或支付会费。这个条款在有关劳动权利和工会影响力的持续辩论中一直是争议的焦点。《塔夫特-哈特利法案》还建立了联邦调解与调解服务局，提供解决劳动争议的帮助。该机构在调解雇主与工会之间的冲突中发挥着至关重要的作用，帮助防止罢工并维护工业和平。通过促进谈判，该服务旨在促进劳资之间更加和谐的关系。《塔夫特-哈特利法案》的批评者认为，它削弱了工会的权力，限制了工人的权利。他们认为，该法案是对劳工运动的直接攻击，旨在削弱工会并限制其为工人利益辩护的能力。支持者则认为，该法案对于确保工人权利与雇主需求之间的公平平衡是必要的。总之，《塔夫特-哈特利法案》仍然是美国劳动关系历史上的一部重要法律。它的颁布标志着工会与雇主之间权力平衡的转折点，塑造了数十年来劳动权利和工会活动的格局。了解《塔夫特-哈特利法案》的影响对于任何对劳动关系感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的，因为它继续影响着今天关于工人权利和工会权力的讨论。